Skyscape Web Viewer : Role of Cobalamin (Vitamin B12) and Folic Acid in Nucleic Acid and Myelin Metabolism

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- About
- Classic Turner Syndrome (45,XO Gonadal Dysgenesis)
- Community-Acquired Pneumonia
- Flowchart - Classification of Chronic Fatigue Patients
- Flowchart - Proposed Algorithm for Evaluating Women with Symptoms of Acute Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
- Hirsutism & Virilization
- Hyperparathyroidism
- Table - Advisory Committee on Adult Immunization Practices Vaccine Recommendations, 2022
- Table - Feminizing Hormone Therapy
Year in Review
- Bacterial & Chlamydial Infections Year in Review
  - Bordetella Pertussis Infection (Whooping Cough)
  - Pneumococcal Pneumonia
- Blood Disorders Year in Review
  - Acute Leukemia
  - Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
  - Essential Thrombocytosis
  - Plasma Cell Myeloma
  - Polycythemia Vera
- Blood Vessel & Lymphatic Disorders Year in Review
  - Occlusive Disease: Tibial & Pedal Arteries
- Breast Disorders Year in Review
  - Her2-Low Expressing Breast Cancer
- Cancer Year in Review
  - Bladder Cancer
  - Bronchogenic Carcinoma
  - Carcinoma of the Anus
  - Hepatocellular Carcinoma
  - Renal Cell Carcinoma
- Common Symptoms Year in Review
  - Fever & Hyperthermia
- Coronary Artery Disease, Valvular Disease, & Other Key Topics in Cardiology Year in Review
  - Chronic Stable Angina Pectoris (Chronic Coronary Syndromes)
  - Coronary Heart Disease (Atherosclerotic CAD, Ischemic Heart Disease)
  - Rheumatic Fever
- Dermatologic Disorders Year in Review
  - Pigmentary Disorders
  - Psoriasis
- Diabetes Mellitus & Hypoglycemia Year in Review
  - Diabetes Mellitus
- Disease Prevention & Health Promotion Year in Review
  - Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease
  - Prevention of Infectious Diseases
- Disorders of Hemostasis, Thrombosis, & Antithrombotic Therapy Year in Review
  - Hemophilia A and B
  - Primary VTE Prevention & Treatment In Severe Covid-19
  - Thrombotic Microangiopathy
- Disorders of the Eyes & Lids Year in Review
  - Age-Related Macular Degeneration
- Endocrine Disorders Year in Review
  - Acromegaly & Gigantism
  - Central Diabetes Insipidus
  - Male Hypogonadism
  - Primary Aldosteronism
- Gastrointestinal Disorders Year in Review
  - Acute Upper Gi Bleeding
  - Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
  - Inflammatory Bowel Disease
  - Irritable Bowel Syndrome (Ibs)
  - Peptic Ulcer Disease
  - Ulcerative Colitis
- Geriatric Disorders Year in Review
  - Depression
- Heart Failure & Cardiomyopathy Year in Review
  - Heart Failure
- HIV Infection & AIDS Year in Review
  - Choosing An Antiretroviral Treatment Regimen
  - HIV Infection & AIDS: Complications
  - Primary Prevention
- Lipid Disorders Year in Review
  - Treatment of High LDL Cholesterol
- Liver, Biliary Tract, & Pancreas Disorders Year in Review
  - Acute Hepatitis B
  - Acute Pancreatitis
  - Primary Biliary Cholangitis
- Mycotic Infections Year in Review
  - Candidiasis
- Nervous System Disorders Year in Review
  - Degenerative Motor Neuron Diseases
  - Myasthenia Gravis
  - Parkinson Disease
- Nutrition, Nutritional Disorders & Obesity Year in Review
  - Obesity
- Obstetrics & Obstetric Disorders Year in Review
  - Chronic Hypertension
  - Preeclampsia-Eclampsia
  - Preterm Labor
- Otolaryngology Disorders Year in Review
  - Benign Nasal Tumors
- Palliative Care & Pain Management Year in Review
  - Taxonomy of Pain
- Poisoning Year in Review
  - Anticonvulsants Overdose
  - LSD & Other Hallucinogens Overdose
- Preoperative Evaluation & Perioperative Management Year in Review
  - Evaluation of the Patient With Liver Disease
  - Preoperative Hematologic Evaluation
- Psychiatric Disorders Year in Review
  - Mood Disorders (Depression & Mania)
  - Psychiatric Trauma & Stressor-Related Disorders
- Pulmonary Disorders Year in Review
  - Pneumonia
  - Pulmonary Disease Caused By Nontuberculous Mycobacteria
  - Pulmonary Tuberculosis
- Rheumatologic, Immunologic, & Allergic Disorders Year in Review
  - Polymyalgia Rheumatica & Giant Cell Arteritis
- Sexual & Gender Minority Health Year in Review
  - Health Care For Gay & Bisexual MEN
  - Health Care For Transgender & Gender Diverse People
- Systemic Hypertension Year in Review
  - Drug Therapy: Current Antihypertensive Agents
- Urologic Disorders Year in Review
  - Acute Epididymitis
  - Urinary Stone Disease
- Viral & Rickettsial Infections Year in Review
  - Cytomegalovirus Disease
  - Kawasaki Disease
  - Severe Acute Respiratory Syndromecoronavirus 2019 (SARS-Cov-2)
Part 1. Disease Prevention & Health Promotion
- 1-01. General Approach to the Patient
- 1-02. Health Maintenance & Disease Prevention
- 1-03. Prevention of Infectious Diseases
  - 1-03. Prevention of Infectious Diseases
  - T - 1-3. Advisory Committee on Adult Immunization Practices Vaccine Recommendations, 2022
- 1-04. Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease
- 1-10. Prevention of Substance Use Disorders: Alcohol & Illicit Drugs
  - 1-10. Prevention of Substance Use Disorders: Alcohol & Illicit Drugs
  - T - 1-7. Screening for Alcohol Abuse Using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT)
- Part 1. Disease Prevention & Health Promotion
Part 2. Common Symptoms
- 2-01. Overview: Common Symptoms
- 2-02. Cough
- 2-06. Palpitations
  - 2-06. Palpitations
  - T - 2-3. Palpitations: Patients at High Risk for a Cardiovascular Cause
- 2-07. Lower Extremity Edema
- 2-10. Fatigue & Systemic Intolerance Disease (Chronic Fatigue Syndrome)
  - 2-10. Fatigue & Systemic Intolerance Disease (Chronic Fatigue Syndrome)
  - F - e2-1. Classification of Chronic Fatigue Patients
- 2-11. Acute Headache
- 2-12. Dysuria
  - 2-12. Dysuria
  - F - 2-1. Proposed Algorithm for Evaluating Women with Symptoms of Acute UTI
- Part 2. Common Symptoms
Part 3. Preoperative Evaluation & Perioperative Management
- 3-01. Overview: Preoperative Evaluation & Perioperative Management
- 3-02. Physiologic Effects of Anesthesia & Surgery
- 3-03. Evaluation of the Asymptomatic Patient
  - 3-03. Evaluation of the Asymptomatic Patient
  - T - 3-1. Directed Bleeding History: Findings Suggestive of a Bleeding Disorder
- 3-04. Cardiac Risk Assessment & Reduction in Noncardiac Surgery
- 3-05. Pulmonary Evaluation in Non-Lung Resection Surgery
- 3-07. Preoperative Hematologic Evaluation
- 3-11. Kidney Disease
- Part 3. Preoperative Evaluation & Perioperative Management
Part 4. Geriatric Disorders
- 4-01. Overview: Geriatric Disorders
- 4-02. General Principles of Geriatric Care
- 4-03. Comprehensive Assessment of the Older Adult
- 4-04. Management of Common Geriatric Problems
- Part 4. Geriatric Disorders
Part 5. Palliative Care & Pain Management
- 5-01. Definition & Scope
- 5-02. Palliation of Common Nonpain Symptoms
- 5-03. Dyspnea
- 5-04. Nausea & Vomiting
- 5-05. Constipation
- 5-06. Fatigue
- 5-07. Delirium & Agitation
- 5-08. Depression & Anxiety
- 5-09. Communication
- 5-17. Principles of Pain Management
- 5-18. Pharmacologic Pain Management Strategies
- 5-20. Selected Interventional Modalities for Pain Relief
- Part 5. Palliative Care & Pain Management
Part 6. Dermatologic Disorders
- 6-01. Overview: Dermatologic Disorders
  - 6-01. Overview: Dermatologic Disorders
  - T - 6-1. Morphologic Categorization of Skin Lesions and Diseases
- 6-02. Principles of Dermatologic Therapy
  - 6-02. Principles of Dermatologic Therapy
  - F - e6-1. Psoriasis-Figure with Striae Caused by Chronic Use of High-Potency Corticosteroid Ointment
  - F - e6-2. Xerotic (Asteatotic Dermatitis) of the Shin
  - T - 6-2. Useful Topical Dermatologic Therapeutic Agents
- 6-03. Melanocytic Nevi (Normal Moles)
  - 6-03. Melanocytic Nevi (Normal Moles)
  - F - 6-1. Benign, Compound Nevus on the Back
- 6-04. Atypical Nevi
  - 6-04. Atypical Nevi
  - F - 6-2. Atypical (Dysplastic) Nevus on the Chest
  - F - e6-3. A: Growing 9-mm Compound Dysplastic Nevus on the Back of a 44-Year-Old Man
- 6-05. Blue Nevi
  - 6-05. Blue Nevi
  - F - 6-3. Blue Nevus on the Left Cheek, a Darkly Pigmented Blue-Black Macule with Some Resemblance to a Melanoma due to its Dark Pigmentation
- 6-06. Freckles & Lentigines
  - 6-06. Freckles & Lentigines
  - F - e6-4. Lentigo Simplex
  - F - e6-5. Lentigo Simplex (Hyperpigmented Area on Female's Face)
- 6-07. Seborrheic Keratoses
  - 6-07. Seborrheic Keratoses
  - F - 6-4. Seborrheic Keratosis with Light Pigmentation, with Waxy, Dry, stuck-on, Appearance
  - F - e6-6. A: Seborrheic Keratosis with Verrucous Appearance on the Forehead
- 6-08. Malignant Melanoma
  - 6-08. Malignant Melanoma
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 6-5. Malignant Melanoma
  - F - e6-7. Melanoma Resembling a Seborrheic Keratosis on the Lateral Face of a Man
  - F - e6-8. Superficial Spreading Melanoma on the Back with Abcde Features of Melanoma
  - F - e6-9. Acral Melanoma
- 6-09. Epidermal Inclusion Cyst
  - 6-09. Epidermal Inclusion Cyst
  - 6-10. Actinic Keratoses
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 6-11. Squamous Cell Carcinoma
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 6-6. Squamous Cell Carcinoma-Figure: an Irregular-Shaped Pink Plaque with Overlying Hemorrhagic Crust in a Chronically Sun-Exposed Area
- 6-12. Basal Cell Carcinoma
  - 6-12. Basal Cell Carcinoma
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 6-7. Pearly Nodular Basal Cell Carcinoma-Figure on the Face of a 52-Year-Old Woman Present for 5 Years
  - F - e6-10. A: Ulcer on the Nasal Tip is the Most Obvious Warning Sign for this Infiltrative Bcc
  - F - e6-11. Basal Cell Carcinoma-Figure on the Forehead with Irregular Distribution of the Telangiectasias and Lack of Typical Doughnut Shape
  - F - e6-12. Basal Cell Carcinoma-Figure of the Scapula
  - F - e6-13. Basal Cell Carcinoma-Figure Located on the Inferomedial Eyelid
  - F - e6-14. Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma-Figure
  - F - e6-15. Stretching of the Skin Prior to Biopsy
  - F - e6-16. Typical Ellipsoid Defect after Removal of the Biopsy Specimen
- 6-13. Kaposi Sarcoma
  - 6-13. Kaposi Sarcoma
  - F - e6-17. Kaposi Sarcoma-Figure on the Arm
  - F - e6-18. A: Kaposi Sarcoma-Figure Presenting as Purplish-Red Papules on the Chest and Arm of an HIV-Positive Man
  - F - e6-19. Kaposi Sarcoma-Figure
- 6-14. Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma (Mycosis Fungoides)
  - 6-14. Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma (Mycosis Fungoides)
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 6-15. Bowen Disease & Paget Disease
  - 6-15. Bowen Disease & Paget Disease
  - F - e6-20. This Isolated, Scaly Patch on a Patient's Arm Turned Out to be Bowen Disease (Intraepidermal Squamous Cell Carcinoma-Figure) on Biopsy
- 6-16. Fungal Infections of the Skin
  - 6-16. Fungal Infections of the Skin
  - F - 6-8. KOH Preparation of Fungus Demonstrating Pseudohyphae and Budding Yeast Forms
  - F - e6-21. Branching Hyphae at 40Ã Power from a KOH Preparation of Tinea Corporis Without Using a Fungal Stain
- 6-17. Tinea Corporis or Tinea Circinata
  - 6-17. Tinea Corporis or Tinea Circinata
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e6-22. A: Tinea Corporis Covering the Buttocks and not Showing Areas of Central Clearing
  - F - e6-23. Tinea Corporis
  - F - e6-24. Tinea Corporis: Scaly, Ring-Shaped Lesions with Distinct Borders and Central Clearing
  - F - e6-25. Annular Psoriasis-Figure Can Mimic Tinea Corporis
- 6-18. Tinea Cruris (Jock Itch)
  - 6-18. Tinea Cruris (Jock Itch)
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e6-26. Tinea Cruris
  - F - e6-27. Extensive Candidiasis Originating in the Groin in an Infant
  - F - e6-28. Inverse Psoriasis-Figure in the Groin is Distinguished from Candida Infections by History and KOH Staining
  - F - e6-29. Erythrasma Presenting in the Axillary Fold
  - F - e6-30. A Diagnostic Feature of Erythrasma is the Coral-Red Fluorescence Observed Here in Focal Distribution Under a Wood Light
- 6-19. Tinea Manuum & Tinea Pedis (Tinea of Palms & Soles)
  - 6-19. Tinea Manuum & Tinea Pedis (Tinea of Palms & Soles)
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 6-10. Tinea Pedis in the Interdigital Space Between Fourth and Fifth Digits
  - F - 6-9. Tinea Pedis in the Moccasin Distribution
  - F - e6-31. Allergic Contact Dermatitis due to Nickel
  - F - e6-32. Pompholyx: Classic Tapioca Vesicles May be Intensely Pruritic Leading to Scaling and Fissuring in Advanced Cases
  - F - e6-33. Typical Site for Excoriated, Vesiculopustular Lesions due to Scabies-Figure
- 6-20. Tinea Versicolor (Pityriasis Versicolor)
  - 6-20. Tinea Versicolor (Pityriasis Versicolor)
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e6-34. Pityriasis (Tinea) Versicolor: Multiple, Small- to Medium-Sized, Well-Demarcated Hypopigmented Macules on the Back of a Tanned Individual with White Skin
  - F - e6-35. Extensive Hypopigmented Lesions of Tinea Versicolor in a Black Patient
  - F - e6-36. Tinea Versicolor Diagnosed by KOH Preparation
  - F - e6-37. A: Vitiligo on the Hands of a Hispanic Man
- 6-21. Mucocutaneous Candidiasis
  - 6-21. Mucocutaneous Candidiasis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 6-11. Oral Mucosal Candidiasis
  - F - e6-38. Angular Cheilitis (Perleche)
- 6-22. Intertrigo
  - 6-22. Intertrigo
  - F - e6-39. Cutaneous Candidiasis Intertrigo
- 6-23. Herpes Simplex (Cold or Fever Sore; Genital Herpes)
  - 6-23. Herpes Simplex (Cold or Fever Sore; Genital Herpes)
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 6-12. Orolabial Herpes Simplex Showing Deroofed Blisters (Ulcer)
  - F - e6-40. Herpes Simplex
  - F - e6-41. Close-Up of Recurrent Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Showing Vesicles at the Vermilion Border
  - F - e6-42. Primary Herpetic Stomatitis with Clusters of Punched-Out Geometric Erosions on the Tongue and Pharynx
  - F - e6-43. Herpetic Whitlow of Finger
- 6-24. Molluscum Contagiosum
  - 6-24. Molluscum Contagiosum
  - F - 6-13. Umbilicatedmolluscum
  - F - e6-44. Molluscum Contagiosum
  - F - e6-45. Waxy Umbilicated Papules of Molluscum Contagiosum are Spread by Wet Skin-to-Skin Contact
- 6-25. Warts
  - 6-25. Warts
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 6-14. Condylomata Acuminata around the Clitoris, Labia Minor, and Opening of the Vagina
  - F - e6-46. Perianal Condylomata Acuminata
- 6-26. Impetigo
  - 6-26. Impetigo
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 6-15. Typical Honey-Crusted Plaque on the Lip of an Adult with Impetigo
  - F - e6-47. Ecthyma, Shown Here, Represents a Deeper Form of Impetigo Caused by Staphylococcus Aureus or Streptococci
  - F - e6-48. A Linear Pattern of Allergic Contact Dermatitis from Poison Ivy
- 6-27. Folliculitis (Including Sycosis)
  - 6-27. Folliculitis (Including Sycosis)
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 6-16. Bacterial Folliculitis
  - F - e6-49. Hot Tub Folliculitis
  - F - e6-50. A: Inflammatory Acne Showing Pustules and Nodules in a 17-Year-Old Boy who Uses a Helmet While Playing Football in High School
  - F - e6-51. An Example of Miliaria Crystalline Denoted by Vesicular Eruption over the Trunk of this Patient
- 6-28. Furunculosis (Boils) & Carbuncles
  - 6-28. Furunculosis (Boils) & Carbuncles
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e6-52. Inflamed Epidermal Inclusion Cyst
  - F - e6-53. Cystic Acne Associated with Scarring
  - F - e6-54. Hidradenitis Suppurativa of Buttocks
  - F - e6-55. Preparation for Incision and Drainage of an Abscess
  - F - e6-56. Appearance of Abscess after Incision, Drainage, and Packing
- 6-29. Cellulitis
  - 6-29. Cellulitis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 6-17. Cellulitis
- 6-30. Erysipelas
  - 6-30. Erysipelas
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 6-31. Erythema Migrans
  - 6-31. Erythema Migrans
  - F - 6-18. Erythema Migrans on Trunk
- 6-32. Scabies
  - 6-32. Scabies
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 6-19. Scabies-Figure
  - F - e6-57. Scabies-Figure
  - F - e6-58. Crusted Scabies-Figure
- 6-33. Pediculosis
  - 6-33. Pediculosis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e6-59. Pediculosis Capitis
- 6-34. Skin Lesions Due to Other Arthropods
  - 6-34. Skin Lesions Due to Other Arthropods
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e6-60. Chigger Bites after Camping
- 6-35. Erythema Nodosum
  - 6-35. Erythema Nodosum
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 6-20. Erythema Nodosum-Figure
  - F - e6-61. Erythema Nodosum-Figure
  - F - e6-62. Lupus Panniculitis Profundum
- 6-36. Atopic Dermatitis
  - 6-36. Atopic Dermatitis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e6-63. Atopic Dermatitis on Flexural Surface of Elbows
  - F - e6-64. Ichthyosis Vulgaris
  - F - e6-65. Eczema Herpeticum
- 6-37. Lichen Simplex Chronicus (Circumscribed Neurodermatitis)
  - 6-37. Lichen Simplex Chronicus (Circumscribed Neurodermatitis)
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 6-21. Lichen Simplex Chronicus on the Hand
  - F - 6-22. Extensive Plaque Psoriasis-Figure Involving Trunk of Person with Dark Skin Type
  - F - e6-66. Lichen Simplex Chronicus
  - F - e6-67. Lichen Simplex Chronicus Resulting from Repeated Itch-Scratch Cycles
  - F - e6-68. Nummular Dermatitis
- 6-38. Psoriasis
  - 6-38. Psoriasis
  - F - 6-23. Nail Pitting due to Psoriasis-Figure in a Patient with Dark Skin
  - F - e6-69. Koebner Phenomenon on Skin of the Hands
  - F - e6-70. Scalescalp Psoriasis-Figure
  - F - e6-71. Plaquepsoriatic Plaque
  - F - e6-72. Plaque Psoriasis-Figure Involving Arm of Patient with Darker Skin
  - F - e6-73. Psoriasis-Figure Involving Palms of Patient with Darker Skin
  - F - e6-74. Nails from a Patient with Psoriasis-Figure Demonstrating Pitting and Onycholysis
  - F - e6-75. Onychomycosis Involving Digits 1, 2, and 5
- 6-39. Pityriasis Rosea
  - 6-39. Pityriasis Rosea
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 6-24. Pityriasis Rosea-Figure with Scaling Lesions Following Skin Lines and Resembling a Christmas Tree
  - F - e6-76. Pityriasis Rosea-Figure
  - F - e6-77. Classic Lesions of Secondary Syphilis Include Red-Brown, Copper, or Ham-Colored Macules or Papulosquamous Lesions on the Soles of the Feet
  - F - e6-78. Maculopapular Skin Eruption of Secondary Syphilis
- 6-40. Seborrheic Dermatitis
  - 6-40. Seborrheic Dermatitis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 6-25. Close-Up of Seborrheic Dermatitis-Figure Showing Flaking Skin and Erythema around the Beard Region
- 6-41. Lichen Planus
  - 6-41. Lichen Planus
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 6-26. Lichen Planus-Figure
  - F - e6-79. Hypertrophyhypertrophic Lichen Planus-Figure
  - F - e6-80. Lichenificationlichen Simplex Chronicus
  - F - e6-81. Lichen Simplex Chronicus (Dark Raised Bumps on a Black Female)
- 6-42. Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus
  - 6-42. Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e6-82. Malar and Facial Erythema and Scale in a 22-Year-Old Woman with a Flare of Acute Cutaneous Lupus
  - F - e6-83. Discoid Lupus Erythematosus of the Arm
  - F - e6-84. Discoid Lupus of the Face and Ear in a Darkly Pigmented Patient
  - F - e6-85. Subacute Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus: Erythematous Nonscarring Red Plaques on the Back
- 6-43. Contact Dermatitis
  - 6-43. Contact Dermatitis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 6-27. Allergic Contact Dermatitis to an Adhesive Dressing in Patient with Darker Skin
  - F - e6-86. Allergic Contact Dermatitis to Neosporin
  - F - e6-87. Contact Dermatitis with Linear Pattern due to Poison Ivy
  - F - e6-88. Poison Oak
- 6-44. Pompholyx
  - 6-44. Pompholyx
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 6-28. Severe Pompholyx
- 6-45. Porphyria Cutanea Tarda
  - 6-45. Porphyria Cutanea Tarda
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 6-29. Porphyria Cutanea Tarda-Figure of Hands in Patient with Darker Skin
- 6-46. Dermatitis Herpetiformis
  - 6-46. Dermatitis Herpetiformis
  - F - e6-89. Dermatitis Herpetiformis Presenting Typically as Pruritic Papulovesicles on this Scandinavian Man's Elbow
- 6-47. Pemphigus
  - 6-47. Pemphigus
  - 6-48. Bullous Pemphigoid
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 6-30. Pemphigus-Figure Vulgaris on the Back
  - F - e6-90. Pemphigus-Figure Vulgaris
  - F - e6-91. Bullous Pemphigoid: Tense Bullae and Erosions in Flexural Areas, Typical of Bullous Pemphigoid
  - F - e6-92. Bullabullous Pemphigoid
- 6-49. Acne Vulgaris
  - 6-49. Acne Vulgaris
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 6-31. Acne Vulgaris-Figure
  - F - e6-93. Comedonal and Inflammatory, Papulopustular Acne in an Asian Patient
  - F - e6-94. Acne Vulgaris-Figure, Severe Papulopustular and Nodular Cystic Form with Scarring
  - F - e6-95. Cystic Acne
  - F - e6-96. Post Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation and Resolving Acne in a Black Patient
  - F - e6-97. Prominent Rhinophyma in a Patient with Rosacea-Figure Results from Hyperplasia of Soft Tissues and Glands of the Nose
- 6-50. Rosacea
  - 6-50. Rosacea
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 6-32. Rosacea-Figure in a 34-Year-Old Woman Showing Erythema, Papules, and Pustules Covering Much of the Face
  - F - e6-100. Acne Rosacea-Figure: Close-Up of Papules
  - F - e6-98. This Eruption Resembling Rosacea-Figure Occurred Following Topical Use of a Steroid Cream
  - F - e6-99. Telangiectasiasrosacea
- 6-51. Hidradenitis Suppurativa
  - 6-51. Hidradenitis Suppurativa
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 6-52. Miliaria (Heat Rash)
  - 6-52. Miliaria (Heat Rash)
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 6-53. Urticaria & Angioedema
  - 6-53. Urticaria & Angioedema
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 6-33. Urticaria
  - F - e6-101. Urticaria on Back
- 6-54. Erythema Multiforme/Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
  - 6-54. Erythema Multiforme/Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 6-34. Erythema Multiforme with Classic Target Lesions
  - F - 6-35. Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
  - F - e6-102. A: Erythema Multiforme on the Palm with Target Lesions that Have a Dusky Red and White Center
  - F - e6-103. Patient with Erythema Multiforme Major Demonstrating Oral Lesions on Lips, Buccal Mucosa, and Tongue
- 6-55. Exfoliative Dermatitis (Exfoliative Erythroderma)
  - 6-55. Exfoliative Dermatitis (Exfoliative Erythroderma)
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 6-56. Photodermatitis
  - 6-56. Photodermatitis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e6-104. A: Polymorphous Light Eruption on the Arm of a Young Man
- 6-57. Drug Eruption (Dermatitis Medicamentosa)
  - 6-57. Drug Eruption (Dermatitis Medicamentosa)
  - 6-58. Pruritus
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - T - 6-3. Skin Reactions due to Systemic Medications
- 6-59. Anogenital Pruritus
  - 6-59. Anogenital Pruritus
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e6-105. Lichen Sclerosis Et Atrophicus: Buttocks
- 6-60. Venous Stasis Ulcers
  - 6-60. Venous Stasis Ulcers
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 6-36. Venous Stasis Ulcer
  - F - 6-37. Ulcervenous Stasis Ulcer
  - F - e6-106. Venous Stasis Ulcer Located over the Medial Malleolus
  - F - e6-107. Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis
  - F - e6-108. Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis
- 6-61. Pigmentary Disorders
  - 6-61. Pigmentary Disorders
  - F - 6-38. Depigmentedvitiligo
  - F - 6-39. Minocycline Hyperpigmentation
- 6-62. Alopecia
  - 6-62. Alopecia
  - F - e6-109. Alopecia Areata
  - F - e6-110. Alopecia Areata
- 6-63. Nail Disorders
  - 1. Morphologic Nail Abnormalities
  - 2. Tinea Unguium (Onychomycosis)
  - F - 6-40. Acute Paronychia with Incision and Drainage
  - F - 6-41. Clubbing of the Finger in a 31-Year-Old Man with Congenital Heart Disease
  - F - e6-111. Beau Lines
  - F - e6-112. Clubbing of All the Fingers in a 31-Year-Old Man with Congenital Heart Disease
- Part 6. Dermatologic Disorders
Part 7. Disorders of the Eyes & Lids
- 7-01. Symptoms of Ocular Disease
  - 1. Redness
  - 2. Ocular Discomfort
  - 3. eyestrain & Headache
  - 4. Conjunctival Discharge
  - 5. Visual Loss
  - 6. Visual Impairment & Blindness
  - 7. Diplopia
  - 8. spots Before the Eyes & flashing Lights
  - F - e7-1. Spontaneous Subconjunctival Hemorrhage While Receiving Warfarin
  - F - e7-2. Visual Field Defects due to Various Lesions of the Optic Pathways
- 7-02. Ocular Examination
  - 1. Visual Acuity (Va)
  - 2. Visual Fields
  - 3. Pupils
  - 4. Extraocular Movements
  - 5. Proptosis (Exophthalmos)
  - 6. Ptosis
  - 7. Anterior Segment Examination
  - 7-02. Ocular Examination
  - 7-03. Ophthalmologic Referrals
  - 7-04. Refractive Errors
  - 8. Direct Ophthalmoscopy
  - F - e7-3. Anatomic Basis of the Pupillary Light Reflex
  - F - e7-4. Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect
  - F - e7-5. Arrow Shows Corneal Epithelial Defect before (Top) and after (Bottom) Instillation of Fluorescein
  - F - e7-6. Ultra-Widefield (Optomap) Image of Normal Fundus of Left Eye Showing the Optic Disk (Black Arrow), Central Retina (Macula and Fovea) (White Arrow) and Peripheral Retina
- 7-05. Disorders of the Lids & Lacrimal Apparatus
  - 1. Hordeolum
  - 2. Chalazion
  - 3. Blepharitis
  - 4. Entropion & Ectropion
  - 5. Tumors
  - 6. Dacryocystitis
  - F - e7-10. Blepharitis-Figure Showing Erythema of the Eyelids and Flaking in the Eyelashes
  - F - e7-11. Entropion
  - F - e7-12. Involutional Ectropion of Right Lower Eyelid
  - F - e7-13. Lower Lid Basal Cell Carcinoma-Figure
  - F - e7-14. Acute Dacryocystitis
  - F - e7-7. A: External Hordeolum (Black Arrow) and an Internal Hordeolum (White Arrow)
  - F - e7-8. A: Chalazion Viewed from Internal Eyelid Showing the Yellow Lipogranulomatous Material
  - F - e7-9. Blepharitis-Figure
- 7-06. Conjunctivitis
  - 1. Viral Conjunctivitis
  - 2. Bacterial Conjunctivitis
  - 3. Dry Eyes
  - 4. Allergic Eye Disease
  - 7-06. Conjunctivitis
  - F - e7-15. Gonococcal Conjunctivitis with Profuse Purulent Exudate
  - F - e7-16. Gonococcal Keratoconjunctivitis
  - F - e7-17. Superior Tarsal Conjunctival Scarring due to Trachoma
  - F - e7-18. Advanced Trachoma with Upper Lid Trichiasis and Corneal Scarring
  - F - e7-19. Lissamine Green Staining of the Bulbar Conjunctiva in Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca
  - F - e7-20. Vernal Conjunctivitis with cobblestone Papillae in Superior Tarsal Conjunctiva
  - F - e7-21. Conjunctival Scarring in Atopic Keratoconjunctivitis
  - T - 7-1. The Inflamed Eye: Differential Diagnosis of Common Causes
  - T - 7-2. Topical Ophthalmic Agents (Selected List)
- 7-07. Pinguecula & Pterygium
  - 7-07. Pinguecula & Pterygium
  - 7-08. Corneal Ulcer
  - F - e7-22. Pterygium Extending Across the Cornea
- 7-09. Infectious Keratitis
  - 1. Bacterial Keratitis
  - 2. Herpes Simplex Keratitis
  - 3. Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus
  - 4. Fungal Keratitis
  - 5. Amoebic Keratitis
  - F - e7-23. Central Corneal Ulcer and Hypopyon due to Pseudomonas Keratitis
  - F - e7-24. Primary Ocular Herpes Simplex Virus Infection
  - F - e7-25. Dendritic Figure(S) of Herpes Simplex Virus Keratitis Highlighted by Fluorescein and Cobalt Blue Light
  - F - e7-26. Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus with Involvement of the Tip of the Nose
  - F - e7-27. Corneal Stromal Abscess due to Fungal Keratitis (Scedosporium Apiospermum)
  - F - e7-28. Perineural Infiltrates in Acanthamoeba Keratitis
- 7-10. Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma
  - 7-10. Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e7-29. Laser Peripheral Iridotomy at 2 O'clock Position Seen by Direct Illumination
- 7-11. Chronic Glaucoma
  - 7-11. Chronic Glaucoma
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e7-30. Typical Glaucomatous Cupping with Nasal Displacement of the Vessels and Hollowed-Out Appearance of the Optic Disk
  - F - e7-31. Asymmetric Optic Disk Cupping in Glaucoma, Where Optic Cupping in the Right Figure is Less Than in the Left Figure
- 7-12. Uveitis
  - 7-12. Uveitis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e7-32. Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) Disease
  - F - e7-33. A: Hypopyon
  - F - e7-34. Granulomatous Keratic Precipitates Located on the Inferior Corneal Endothelium
  - F - e7-35. Posterior Synechiae Causing Irregularity of a Pupil
- 7-13. Cataract
  - 7-13. Cataract
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e7-36. Dense Cataract Viewed through Dilated Pupil with Slit-Lamp Beam
  - F - e7-37. Age-Related Cataract
  - F - e7-38. Mature Age-Related Cataract Viewed through a Dilated Pupil
- 7-14. Retinal Detachment
  - 7-14. Retinal Detachment
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 7-1. Inferior Retinal Detachment as Seen on Direct or Indirect Ophthalmoscopy
  - F - e7-39. Ultra-Widefield (Optomap) Images of Superior Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment of the Right Eye before and after Treatment
  - F - e7-40. Choroidal Melanoma (Black Outline Arrow) with Serous Retinal Detachment (White Outline Arrow)
  - F - e7-41. Ultra-Widefield (Optomap) Image of Tractional Retinal Detachment due to Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy with Fibrovascular Tissue Predominantly along the Superior Temporal Vascular Arcade (White Outline Arrow) and Partially Obscuring the Optic Disk (Solid White Arrow)
- 7-15. Vitreous Hemorrhage
  - 7-15. Vitreous Hemorrhage
  - F - e7-42. Large Preretinal Hemorrhage
- 7-16. Age-Related Macular Degeneration
  - 7-16. Age-Related Macular Degeneration
  - F - e7-43. Macular Drusen Appear as Whitish Subretinal Deposits
  - F - e7-44. Dry (Atrophic) Age-Related Macular Degeneration with Patchy Focal Atrophy (A) and Extensive Confluent Atrophy (B)
  - F - e7-45. Ultra-Widefield (Optomap) Images of Atrophic Age-Related Macular Degeneration
  - F - e7-46. Wet (Neovascular) Age-Related Macular Degeneration with Macular Subretinal Fibrosis and Hemorrhages
- 7-17. Central & Branch Retinal Vein Occlusions
  - 7-17. Central & Branch Retinal Vein Occlusions
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e7-47. Central Retinal Vein Occlusion
  - F - e7-48. Ultra-Widefield (Optomap) Image of Central Retinal Vein Occlusion with Retinal Hemorrhages Throughout the Retina and a Cotton-Wool Spot (Arrow)
  - F - e7-49. Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion with Intraretinal Hemorrhages and Cotton Wool Spots Limited to the Distribution of the Inferotemporal Branch Retinal Vein
  - F - e7-50. Fluorescein Angiogram of Superior Temporal Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion of Left Eye Showing Macular Microvascular Changes (Arrow)
- 7-18. Central & Branch Retinal Artery Occlusions
  - 7-18. Central & Branch Retinal Artery Occlusions
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 7-2. Acute Central Retinal Artery Occlusion with Cherry-Red Spot (Arrow) Seen at the Fovea Centered in Macular Loss of Retinal Transparency, and Preserved Retinal Perfusion (Arrowheads) Adjacent to the Optic Disk due to Macular Cilioretinal Artery Supply
  - F - e7-51. Fluorescein Angiogram of Branch Retinal Artery Occlusion of Right Eye Showing Non-Perfused Superior Temporal Branch Retinal Artery (Outline Arrow) and Non-Perfused Retina (Solid Arrow), with Microvascular Changes at the Border of Perfused and Nonperfused Retina
- 7-19. Transient Monocular Visual Loss
  - 7-19. Transient Monocular Visual Loss
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e7-52. Retinal Embolus (Arrow)
- 7-20. Retinal Disorders Associated with Systemic Diseases
  - 1. Diabetic Retinopathy
  - 2. Hypertensive Retinochoroidopathy
  - 3. Blood Dyscrasias
  - 4. HIV Infection/AIDS
  - F - e7-53. Moderate Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy with Multiple Microaneurysms and Hemorrhages (Red Arrow), Mild Macular Hard Exudates (Yellow Arrow), and Two Cotton-Wool Spots in the Superior Retina (Black Arrows)
  - F - e7-54. Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy with Hard Exudates Indicative of Macular Edema Extending into the Central Macula
  - F - e7-55. Fluorescein Angiogram in Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy Shows Microaneurysms (Arrow) and Perifoveal Capillary Loss Indicative of Macular Ischemia
  - F - e7-56. Ultra-Widefield (Optomap) Images of Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
  - F - e7-57. Optic Disk Neovascularization in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (A) and with Preretinal Hemorrhage (Arrow, B)
  - F - e7-58. Fluorescein Angiogram of Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
  - F - e7-59. Fluorescein Angiography in Diabetic Retinopathy
  - F - e7-60. Accelerated Hypertension in a Young Woman Manifesting as Marked Optic Disk Edema, Macular Star of Hard Exudates, Exudative Retinal Detachment, Retinal Hemorrhages, and Cotton-Wool Spots
  - F - e7-61. Multiple Retinal Cotton Wool Spots in HIV Infection
  - F - e7-62. Retinal Changes in HIV Infection: Cytomegalovirus Retinitis with Hemorrhages and Retinal Whitening
  - F - e7-63. Ultra-Widefield (Optomap) Image of Cytomegalovirus Retinitis
- 7-21. Ischemic Optic Neuropathy
  - 7-21. Ischemic Optic Neuropathy
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e7-64. Optic Disk Swelling with Hemorrhages and Pallor due to Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy
- 7-22. Optic Neuritis
  - 7-22. Optic Neuritis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e7-65. Bilateral Optic Atrophy with Disk Pallor due to Chronic Optic Neuritis
- 7-23. Optic Disk Swelling
  - 7-23. Optic Disk Swelling
  - F - e7-66. Moderately Severe Papilledema in the Right Eye (Left Image) and Mild Papilledema in the Left Eye (Right Image)
  - F - e7-67. Severe Acute Papilledema
  - F - e7-68. Chronic Papilledema
- 7-24. Cranial Nerve Palsies
  - 7-24. Cranial Nerve Palsies
  - F - 7-3. Left Partial Third Nerve Palsy with Ptosis (A), Reduced Adduction (B), Reduced Elevation (C), and Reduced Depression (D) but Normal Abduction (E) of the Left Eye
  - F - e7-69. Sixth Nerve Palsy
- 7-25. Orbital Cellulitis
  - 7-25. Orbital Cellulitis
  - F - e7-70. Orbital Cellulitis
- 7-26. Ocular Trauma
  - 1. Conjunctival & Corneal Foreign Bodies
  - 2. Intraocular Foreign Body
  - 3. Corneal Abrasions
  - 4. Contusions
  - 5. Lacerations
  - 7-26. Ocular Trauma
  - 7-27. Uv Keratitis (Actinic Keratitis)
  - 7-28. Chemical Conjunctivitis & Keratitis
  - 7-29. Treatment of Ocular Disorders
  - 7-30. Principles of Treatment of Ocular Infections
  - F - e7-71. Corneal Rust Stain from Iron Foreign Body (Arrow)
  - F - e7-72. Technique of Lid Eversion
  - F - e7-73. Funduscopic View of Metallic Foreign Body on Retina
  - F - e7-74. Severe Ocular Injury with Total Hyphema
  - F - e7-75. Small Hyphema
  - F - e7-76. Large Hyphema
  - F - e7-77. Corneoscleral Laceration Inferonasally with Pupil Displaced Toward the Laceration and Iris Incarcerated in Wound
  - F - e7-78. Corneal Laceration with Extrusion of Iris
  - F - e7-79. Small Peripheral Corneal Laceration with Extrusion of Iris Causing Distortion (Peaking) of the Pupil
  - F - e7-80. Vortex Keratopathy due to Amiodarone
- 7-31. Precautions in Management of Ocular Disorders
  - 1. Use of Local Anesthetics
  - 2. Pupillary Dilation
  - 3. Corticosteroid Therapy
  - 4. Contaminated Eye Medications
  - 5. Toxic & Hypersensitivity Reactions to Topical Therapy
  - 6. Systemic Effects of Ocular Drugs
  - F - 7-4. Periocular Contact Dermatitis due to Eye Drop Preservative
- 7-32. Adverse Ocular Effects of Systemic Drugs
  - 7-32. Adverse Ocular Effects of Systemic Drugs
  - T - 7-3. Adverse Ophthalmic Effects of Systemic Drugs (Selected List)
- Part 7. Disorders of the Eyes & Lids
Part 8. Otolaryngology Disorders
- 8-01. Hearing Loss
  - 8-01. Hearing Loss
  - 8-02. Diseases of the Auricle
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - T - 8-1. Hearing Loss Classification
- 8-03. Diseases of the Ear Canal
  - 1. Cerumen Impaction
  - 2. Foreign Bodies
  - 3. Otitis Externa
  - 4. Pruritus
  - 5. Exostoses & Osteomas
  - 6. Neoplasia
  - F - 8-1. Malignant Otitis Externa in a 40-Year-Old Woman with Diabetes Mellitus, with Typical Swelling and Honey-Colored Crusting of the Pinna
- 8-04. Diseases of the Eustachian Tube
  - 1. Eustachian Tube Dysfunction
  - 2. Serous Otitis Media
  - 3. Barotrauma
- 8-05. Diseases of the Middle Ear
  - 1. Acute Otitis Media
  - 2. Chronic Otitis Media
  - 3. Otosclerosis
  - 4. Trauma to the Middle Ear
  - 5. Middle Ear Neoplasia
  - 8-06. Earache
  - F - 8-2. Acute Otitis Media with Effusion of Right Ear, with Multiple Air-Fluid Levels Visible through a Translucent, Slightly Retracted, Nonerythematous Tympanic Membrane
  - F - 8-3. Cholesteatoma
  - F - 8-4. Traumatic Perforation of the Left Tympanic Membrane
- 8-07. Diseases of the Inner Ear
  - 1. Sensorineural Hearing Loss
  - 2. Tinnitus
  - 3. Hyperacusis
  - 4. Vertigo
  - T - 8-2. Causes of Vertigo (Listed in Alphabetical Order Within Categories)
  - T - 8-3. Common Vestibular Disorders: Differential Diagnosis Based on Classic Presentations
- 8-08. Diseases of the Central Auditory & Vestibular Systems
  - 1. Vestibular Schwannoma (Acoustic Neuroma)
  - 2. Vascular Compromise
  - 3. Multiple Sclerosis
  - 8-08. Diseases of the Central Auditory & Vestibular Systems
  - 8-09. Otologic Manifestations of AIDS
- 8-10. Infections of the Nose & Paranasal Sinuses
  - 1. Viral Rhinosinusitis (Common Cold)
  - 2. Bacterial Rhinosinusitis
  - 3. Nasal Vestibulitis & S Aureus Nasal Colonization
  - 4. Invasive Fungal Sinusitis
  - 8-10. Infections of the Nose & Paranasal Sinuses
  - F - e8-1. Acute Frontal Sinusitis
  - F - e8-2. Acute Maxillary Sinusitis
  - F - e8-3. Sinusitis
- 8-11. Allergic Rhinitis
  - 8-11. Allergic Rhinitis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 8-12. Olfactory Dysfunction
  - 8-12. Olfactory Dysfunction
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 8-13. Epistaxis
  - 8-13. Epistaxis
  - 8-14. Nasal Trauma
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e8-4. Anatomy of the Nasal Cavity, Showing the Location of the Blood Supply to the Nasal Septum
  - F - e8-5. Control of Posterior Epistaxis Using Rolled Posterior Pack
- 8-15. Tumors & Granulomatous Disease
  - 1. Benign Nasal Tumors
  - 2. Malignant Nasopharyngeal & Paranasal Sinus Tumors
  - 3. Sinonasal Inflammatory Disease (Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis & Sarcoidosis)
  - 8-15. Tumors & Granulomatous Disease
- 8-16. Leukoplakia, Erythroplakia, Lichen Planus, & Oropharyngeal Cancer
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 8-5. Leukoplakia with Moderate Dysplasia on the Lateral Border of the Tongue
  - F - 8-6. Oral Hairy Leukoplakia on the Side of the Tongue in AIDS
  - F - 8-7. Squamous Cell Carcinoma-Figure of the Palate
- 8-17. Oral Candidiasis
  - 8-17. Oral Candidiasis
  - 8-18. Glossitis, Glossodynia, & Burning Mouth Syndrome
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 8-8. Severe Angular Cheilitis in a Man with HIV with Oral Thrush
- 8-19. Intraoral Ulcerative Lesions
  - 1. Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis (Trench Mouth, Vincent Angina)
  - 2. Aphthous Ulcer (Canker Sore, Ulcerative Stomatitis)
  - 3. Herpes Stomatitis
  - F - e8-6. Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis
- 8-20. Pharyngitis & Tonsillitis
  - 8-20. Pharyngitis & Tonsillitis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 8-9. Marked Exudative Pharyngitis and Tonsillitis due to Group A Beta-Hemolytic Streptococci
- 8-21. Peritonsillar Abscess & Cellulitis
  - 8-21. Peritonsillar Abscess & Cellulitis
  - F - e8-7. Appearance of the Oral Cavity with Peritonsillar Abscess Located in the Right Supratonsillar Fossa
  - F - e8-8. When Needle Aspiration is Used to Manage Peritonsillar Abscess, Aspiration Should be Attempted at Each of These Three Anatomic Locations
- 8-22. Deep Neck Infections
  - 8-22. Deep Neck Infections
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 8-23. Snoring
  - 8-23. Snoring
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 8-24. Acute Inflammatory Salivary Gland Disorders
  - 1. Sialadenitis
  - 2. Sialolithiasis
  - 8-25. Chronic Inflammatory & Infiltrative Disorders of the Salivary Glands
  - 8-26. Salivary Gland Tumors
  - 8-27. Hoarseness & Stridor
- 8-28. Common Laryngeal Disorders
  - 1. Acute Laryngitis
  - 2. Laryngopharyngeal Reflux
  - 3. Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis
  - 4. Epiglottitis
- 8-29. Masses of the Larynx
  - 1. Traumatic Lesions of the Vocal Folds
  - 2. Laryngeal Leukoplakia
  - 3. Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Larynx
  - 8-30. Vocal Fold Paralysis
  - 8-31. Cricothyrotomy & Tracheostomy
  - 8-32. Foreign Bodies in the Trachea & Bronchi
  - 8-33. Foreign Bodies in the Esophagus
  - 8-34. Diseases Presenting as Neck Masses
- 8-35. Congenital Lesions Presenting as Neck Masses in Adults
  - 1. Branchial Cleft Cysts
  - 2. Thyroglossal Duct Cysts
- 8-36. Infectious & Inflammatory Neck Masses
  - 1. Reactive Cervical Lymphadenopathy
  - 2. Tuberculous & Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Lymphadenitis
  - 3. Lyme Disease
  - 8-37. Cancer Metastases
  - 8-38. Lymphoma
- Part 8. Otolaryngology Disorders
Part 9. Pulmonary Disorders
- 9-01. Physical Examination
- 9-02. Pulmonary Function Tests
  - 9-02. Pulmonary Function Tests
  - 9-03. Disorders of the Airways
  - 9-04. Disorders of the Upper Airways
  - 9-05. Disorders of the Lower Airways
  - F - e9-1. Representative Spirograms (Upper Panel) and Expiratory Flow-Volume Curves (Lower Panel) for Normal (A), Obstructive (B), and Restrictive (C) Patterns
  - F - e9-2. Oxygen-Hemoglobin Dissociation Curve, pH 7
- 9-06. Asthma
  - 9-06. Asthma
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 9-1. Management of Mild or Moderate Asthma Exacerbations in Primary Care
  - F - 9-2. Management of Asthma Exacerbations in Acute Care Facility (Eg, Emergency Department)
  - T - 9-1. Assessing Asthma Control
  - T - 9-2. Step Therapy in Personalized Asthma Management Plan
  - T - 9-3. Long-Term Controller Medications for Asthma
  - T - 9-4. Reliever Medications for Asthma
  - T - 9-5. Estimated Clinically Comparable Daily Dosages for Inhaled Corticosteroids for Adults with Asthma
  - T - 9-6. Evaluation and Classification of Severity of Asthma Exacerbations
- 9-07. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
  - 9-07. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e9-3. Emphysematous Bullae of Left Lung
  - F - e9-4. Bullous Disease
  - T - 9-7. Patterns of Disease in Advanced COPD
  - T - 9-8. Home Oxygen Therapy: Requirements for Medicare Coverage
  - T - e9-1. Factors Affecting the Variability of Theophylline Metabolic Clearance
- 9-08. Bronchiectasis
  - 9-08. Bronchiectasis
  - 9-09. Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e9-5. Bronchiectasis-Figure
  - F - e9-6. Bronchiectasis-Figure in Cystic Fibrosis
- 9-10. Cystic Fibrosis
  - 9-10. Cystic Fibrosis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 9-11. Bronchiolitis
  - 9-11. Bronchiolitis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 9-12. Pneumonia
  - 1. Community-Acquired Pneumonia
  - 2. Nosocomial Pneumonia (Hospital-Acquired & Ventilator-Associated)
  - 3. Anaerobic Pneumonia & Lung Abscess
  - 9-12. Pneumonia
  - 9-13. Pulmonary Infiltrates in Immunocompromised Patients
  - F - e9-10. Moraxella Catarrhalis
  - F - e9-11. Anaerobic Lung Abscess
  - F - e9-12. Pneumonia with Loculated Empyema
  - F - e9-7. Streptococcus Pneumoniae
  - F - e9-8. Haemophilus Influenzae
  - F - e9-9. Klebsiella Pneumoniae
  - T - 9-10. Recommended Empiric Antibiotics for Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia
  - T - 9-11. Risk Factors for Multidrug-Resistant (Mdr) Pathogens, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA), and Pseudomonas and other Gram-Negative Bacilli in Patients with Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia (HAP) and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (Vap)
  - T - 9-12. Recommended Initial Empiric Antibiotics for Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia (HAP) and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (Vap)
  - T - 9-9. Characteristics of Selected Pneumonias
- 9-14. Pulmonary Tuberculosis
  - 9-14. Pulmonary Tuberculosis
  - 9-15. Pulmonary Disease Caused by Nontuberculous Mycobacteria
  - 9-16. Screening for Lung Cancer
  - F - 9-3. Pulmonary Tuberculosis-Figure
  - F - e9-13. Advanced Bilateral Pulmonary Tuberculosis-Figure
  - T - 9-13. Essential Laboratory Tests for the Detection of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
  - T - 9-14. Classification of Positive Tuberculin Skin Test Reactions
  - T - 9-15. Characteristics of Antituberculous Medications
- 9-17. Solitary Pulmonary Nodule
  - 9-17. Solitary Pulmonary Nodule
  - 9-18. Right Middle Lobe Syndrome
  - 9-19. Bronchial Carcinoid Tumors
  - 9-20. Mediastinal Masses
  - F - e9-14. Hamartoma of the Lung
- 9-21. Interstitial Lung Disease (Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease)
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - T - 9-16. Differential Diagnosis of Interstitial Lung Disease (Listed Alphabetically Within Category)
- 9-22. Diffuse Interstitial Pneumonias
  - 9-22. Diffuse Interstitial Pneumonias
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 9-4. Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
  - T - 9-17. Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias
- 9-23. Sarcoidosis
  - 9-23. Sarcoidosis
  - 9-24. Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 9-5. Skin Involvement in Sarcoidosis (Lupus Pernio), Here Involving the Nasal Rim
- 9-25. Eosinophilic Pulmonary Syndromes
  - 9-25. Eosinophilic Pulmonary Syndromes
  - F - e9-15. A: Eosinophilic Pneumonitis
  - F - e9-16. Eosinophilic Pneumonia
- 9-26. Pulmonary Venous Thromboembolism
  - 9-26. Pulmonary Venous Thromboembolism
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e9-17. A: Pulmonary Embolism (CXR)
  - F - e9-18. Pulmonary Emboli
  - F - e9-19. Normal Lung Perfusion
  - F - e9-20. Normal Lung Ventilation with Xenon-133
  - F - e9-21. Venography of Deep Venous Thrombosis
  - T - 9-18. Clinical Prediction Rule for PE
  - T - 9-19. Pulmonary Embolism Rule-Out Criteria (PERC) for Low-Risk Patients
- 9-27. Pulmonary Hypertension
  - 9-27. Pulmonary Hypertension
  - 9-28. Pulmonary Vasculitis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 9-29. Alveolar Hemorrhage Syndromes
  - 9-29. Alveolar Hemorrhage Syndromes
  - 9-30. Smoke Inhalation
  - 9-31. E-Cigarette or Vaping Product-Associated Lung Injury
  - F - e9-22. Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage
- 9-32. Pulmonary Aspiration Syndromes
  - 1. Acute Aspiration of Gastric Contents (Mendelson Syndrome)
  - 2. Chronic Aspiration of Gastric Contents
  - 3. Retention of An Aspirated Foreign Body
  - 4. Aspiration of Toxic Material
- 9-33. Occupational Pulmonary Diseases
  - 1. Pneumoconioses
  - 2. Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
  - 3. Obstructive Airway Disorders
  - 4. Lung Cancer
  - 5. Other Occupational Pulmonary Diseases
  - 9-33. Occupational Pulmonary Diseases
  - F - e9-23. Asbestosis
  - T - 9-20. Selected Pneumoconioses
  - T - 9-21. Selected Causes of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
- 9-34. Medication-Induced Lung Disease
  - 9-34. Medication-Induced Lung Disease
  - T - 9-22. Pulmonary Manifestations of Selected Medication Toxicities
- 9-35. Radiation Lung Injury
  - 1. Radiation Pneumonitis
  - 2. Pulmonary Radiation Fibrosis
  - 3. Other Complications of Radiation Therapy
  - 9-35. Radiation Lung Injury
  - 9-36. Pleuritis
  - F - e9-24. Radiation-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis
- 9-37. Pleural Effusion
  - 9-37. Pleural Effusion
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 9-6. Left Pleural Effusion
  - F - e9-25. A: Pleural Effusion
  - T - 9-23. Causes of Pleural Fluid Transudates and Exudates
  - T - 9-24. Characteristics of Important Exudative Pleural Effusions
- 9-38. Pneumothorax
  - 9-38. Pneumothorax
  - 9-39. Disorders of Control of Ventilation
  - 9-40. Hyperventilation Syndromes
  - 9-41. Primary Alveolar Hypoventilation
  - 9-42. Obesity-Hypoventilation Syndrome (Pickwickian Syndrome)
  - 9-43. Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e9-26. Spontaneous Pneumothorax on the Right Side
  - F - e9-27. Early Tension Pneumothorax
  - F - e9-28. A: Pneumomediastinum Secondary to Esophageal Perforation (Posteroanterior CXR)
- 9-44. Obstructive Sleep Apnea
  - 9-44. Obstructive Sleep Apnea
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 9-45. Acute Respiratory Failure
  - 9-45. Acute Respiratory Failure
  - F - e9-29. Barotrauma in ARDS
  - T - 9-25. Selected Causes of Acute Respiratory Failure in Adults
- 9-46. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
  - 9-46. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
  - 9-47. Lung Transplantation
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e9-30. ARDS Secondary to Sepsis in an Immunocompromised Patient Following Bone Marrow Transplantation
  - F - e9-31. Pulmonary Edema
  - T - 9-26. Selected Disorders Associated with ARDS
- Part 9. Pulmonary Disorders
Part 10. Coronary Artery Disease, Valvular Disease, & Other Key Topics in Cardiology
- 10-01. Common Symptoms
  - 10-01. Common Symptoms
  - 10-02. Functional Classification of Heart Disease
  - F - e10-1. Pulmonary Edema
  - F - e10-2. A: Close-Up of CXR Showing Kerley B Lines
  - F - e10-3. Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia-Figure
  - F - e10-4. Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia Degenerating into Ventricular Fibrillation (Rhythm Strips in Sequence)
- 10-03. Signs of Heart Disease
  - 10-03. Signs of Heart Disease
  - F - e10-5. Hemodynamic Features of Constrictive Pericarditis
  - F - e10-6. Position of Internal and External Jugular Veins
  - F - e10-7. The ECG on the Left Indicates a Negative Hepatojugular Reflux Test
  - F - e10-8. The Timing of the Principal Cardiac Murmurs
- 10-04. Diagnostic Testing
  - 10-04. Diagnostic Testing
  - 10-05. Noninvasive Diagnostic Imaging for Noncoronary Heart Disease
  - F - e10-10. Two ECGs Showing Left and Right Ventricular Hypertrophy
  - F - e10-9. Widespread Subendocardial Ischemia due to Lmca Occlusion
- 10-06. Cardiac Catheterization & Angiography
  - 10-06. Cardiac Catheterization & Angiography
  - 10-07. Adult Congenital Heart Disease
  - F - e10-11. Normal Pressures and Waveforms Obtained as a Pulmonary Artery Flotation Catheter is Advanced from the Right Atrium to a Pulmonary Artery Wedge Position
- 10-08. Pulmonary Valve Stenosis
  - 10-08. Pulmonary Valve Stenosis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e10-12. Pulmonary Stenosis
  - F - e10-13. Right Atrial Enlargement (Rae) and Rvh
  - F - e10-14. Schematic Drawing of Pulmonary Stenosis
  - F - e10-15. The PA Pullback with Pulmonic Valve Stenosis
  - T - 10-1. Severity of Pulmonary Valve Stenosis
- 10-09. Coarctation of the Aorta
  - 10-09. Coarctation of the Aorta
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e10-16. Lvh with Left (Superior) Axis Deviation
- 10-10. Atrial Septal Defect & Patent Foramen Ovale
  - 10-10. Atrial Septal Defect & Patent Foramen Ovale
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e10-17. Atrial Septal Anatomy
  - F - e10-18. Atrial Septal Defects (Asds) Can be of Four Different Types, in Order of Frequency: (a) Ostium Secundum Defect; (B) Ostium Primum Defect; (C) Sinus Venosus Defect1, Superior2, Inferior; (D) Coronary Sinus Defect
  - F - e10-19. Schematic Showing Effects of Eisenmenger Syndrome on the Heart
  - F - e10-20. ECG in Atrial Septal Defect
  - F - e10-21. Atrial Septal Defect, Secundum Type
  - F - e10-22. Simultaneous Left and Right Atrial and Differential Pressure Across an Atrial Septal Defect
- 10-11. Ventricular Septal Defect
  - 10-11. Ventricular Septal Defect
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e10-23. Anatomic Location of Ventricular Septal Defects
  - F - e10-24. The ECG is from a 33-Year-Old Man with a Large Ventricular Septal Defect and Moderately Severe Pulmonary Hypertension
- 10-12. Tetralogy of Fallot
  - 10-12. Tetralogy of Fallot
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 10-13. Patent Ductus Arteriosus
  - 10-13. Patent Ductus Arteriosus
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e10-25. Lvh
  - T - e10-1. Recommendations for Interventions in Patients with Patent Ductus Arteriosus
- 10-14. Valvular Heart Disease
  - 10-14. Valvular Heart Disease
  - F - e10-26. A: The Ascending Aorta (Yellow Dotted Line) Leading into the Arch is Dilated, Whereas the Distal Arch and Descending Aorta (Red Dotted Line) are Normal in Size
  - F - e10-27. Calcification of the Aortic Valve, Better Seen in the Lateral View in the Area of the Aortic Root (A, Arrow)
  - T - 10-2. Differential Diagnosis of Valvular Heart Disease
  - T - 10-3. Effect of Various Interventions on Systolic Murmurs
- 10-15. Mitral Stenosis
  - 10-15. Mitral Stenosis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 10-1. The AHA/ACC Guidelines for Intervention in Mitral Stenosis-Figure
  - F - e10-28. Combined Mitral Valve Defect with Predominant Stenosis
  - F - e10-29. The Patient Had Further Investigations and Was Diagnosed with a Bicuspid Aortic Valve
- 10-16. Mitral Regurgitation
  - 10-16. Mitral Regurgitation
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 10-2. Algorithm for Intervention in Primary Mitral Regurgitation
  - F - 10-3. Algorithm for Intervention in Secondary Mitral Regurgitation
- 10-17. Mitral Valve Prolapse Syndrome
  - 10-17. Mitral Valve Prolapse Syndrome
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 10-18. Aortic Stenosis
  - 10-18. Aortic Stenosis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 10-4. Algorithm for the Timing of Intervention in Aortic Valve Stenosis
  - F - 10-5. Algorithm for the Type of Valvular Intervention in Aortic Valve Stenosis
  - F - e10-30. Aortic Stenosis-Figure
  - F - e10-31. Transthoracic Echocardiographic Assessment of a Stenotic Aortic Valve
  - T - 10-4. Summary of AHA/ACC Guideline Definitions of Symptomatic Severe Aortic Stenosis
- 10-19. Aortic Regurgitation
  - 10-19. Aortic Regurgitation
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 10-6. Algorithm for Intervention in Aortic Regurgitation
- 10-20. Tricuspid Stenosis
  - 10-20. Tricuspid Stenosis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 10-21. Tricuspid Regurgitation
  - 10-21. Tricuspid Regurgitation
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 10-22. Pulmonary Valve Regurgitation
  - 10-22. Pulmonary Valve Regurgitation
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 10-23. Management of Anticoagulation for Patients with Prosthetic Heart Valves
  - 10-23. Management of Anticoagulation for Patients with Prosthetic Heart Valves
  - T - 10-5. Recommendations for Administering Vitamin K Antagonist (VKA) Therapy in Patients Undergoing Procedures or Patients with Certain Clinical Conditions
- 10-24. Coronary Heart Disease (Atherosclerotic CAD, Ischemic Heart Disease)
  - 10-24. Coronary Heart Disease (Atherosclerotic CAD, Ischemic Heart Disease)
  - F - 10-7. Major Recommendations for Statin Therapy for Atherosclerotic Cvd Prevention
- 10-25. Chronic Stable Angina Pectoris (Chronic Coronary Syndromes)
  - 10-25. Chronic Stable Angina Pectoris (Chronic Coronary Syndromes)
  - F - 10-8. Algorithm for Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy for Patients with Stable Ischemic Heart Disease
  - F - e10-32. First-Degree Atrioventricular (AV) Block
  - F - e10-33. A: ECG During Spontaneous Chest Pain Showing ST-Segment Elevation in Leads II, III, and Avf
  - F - e10-34. ECG at Peak Stress During Treadmill ECG Stress Test
  - F - e10-35. A 38-Year-Old Man with Chest Pain at Physical Exercise
  - F - e10-36. Rest and 24-Hour Redistribution Thallium-201 (201tl) Single-Photon Emission CT (Spect) Myocardial Perfusion Imaging (Mpi) of a 75-Year-Old Man with Atypical Angina Showing a Large Amount of Resting Ischemia in the Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery (LAD)
  - T - 10-6. Duke Treadmill Score: Calculation and Interpretation
- 10-26. Coronary Vasospasm & Angina or Mi with Normal Coronary Arteriograms
  - 10-26. Coronary Vasospasm & Angina or Mi with Normal Coronary Arteriograms
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 10-27. Acute Coronary Syndromes Without ST-Segment Elevation
  - 10-27. Acute Coronary Syndromes Without ST-Segment Elevation
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 10-9. Algorithm for Management of Patients with Definite or Likely Nste-ACS
  - T - 10-7. Indications for Catheterization and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
- 10-28. Acute Mi with ST-Segment Elevation
  - 10-28. Acute Mi with ST-Segment Elevation
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e10-37. How to Use the High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T (Hs-Ctnt) Assay for the Evaluation of Patients with Possible Acute Mi
  - F - e10-38. Differential Diagnosis of ST Elevations
  - F - e10-39. ST-Segment Elevation Mi (STEMI)
  - F - e10-40. A: A 65-Year-Old Patient with Non-Q Wave Infarction due to Left Main Trunk Subocclusion
  - F - e10-41. Sinus Bradycardia in a Patient with Somewhat Subtle Infero-Posterior STEMI
  - F - e10-42. ECG on Admission
  - F - e10-43. ECG Shows Sinus Rhythm with Three Atrial Premature Beats
  - F - e10-44. Premature Ventricular Contraction (A), Ventricular Tachycardia (B), Ventricular Fibrillation (C)
  - F - e10-45. Type I (Mobitz I; Wenckebach) Second-Degree Atrioventricular (AV) Block
  - F - e10-46. Mobitz Type II Second-Degree AV Block
  - F - e10-47. An 82-Year-Old Man with Past Medical History of CAD, COPD, Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, Peripheral Vascular Disease, Moderate Aortic Stenosis-Figure, Recent Nstemi (1 Month Back)
  - F - e10-48. Acute Anterior Wall Mi with Rbbb
  - F - e10-49. Typical Right Bundle Branch Block (Rbbb) Pattern Associated with Left Posterior Fascicular Block (Lpfb), Septal Infarction (Qr in V1), and Anterior Ischemia
  - F - e10-50. Anterior Wall Aneurysm
  - T - 10-8. Fibrinolytic Therapy for Acute Mi
  - T - e10-2. Hemodynamic Subsets in Acute Mi
- 10-29. Rheumatic Fever
  - 10-29. Rheumatic Fever
  - 10-30. Anatomic & Physiologic Considerations
  - F - e10-51. Aschoff Nodule
- 10-31. Acute Inflammatory Pericarditis
  - 10-31. Acute Inflammatory Pericarditis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e10-52. CXR Showing Water Bottle Sign (Black Arrow) Suggestive of a Large Pericardial Effusion
- 10-32. Pericardial Effusion & Tamponade
  - 10-32. Pericardial Effusion & Tamponade
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e10-53. Pulsus Paradoxus in a Patient with Cardiac Tamponade
  - F - e10-54. Pericardial Tamponade with Right-Sided Collapse
  - F - e10-55. Findings at Catheterization in a Patient with Low-Pressure Tamponade (Top) and in a Patient with Classic Tamponade (Bottom)
- 10-33. Constrictive Pericarditis
  - 10-33. Constrictive Pericarditis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 10-34. Pulmonary Hypertension & Pulmonary Heart Disease
  - 10-34. Pulmonary Hypertension & Pulmonary Heart Disease
  - 10-35. Primary Cardiac Tumors
  - 10-36. Secondary Cardiac Tumors
  - 10-37. Cardiac Involvement in Miscellaneous Systemic Diseases
  - 10-38. Traumatic Heart Disease
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - T - 10-9. Updated Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension (PH)
- 10-39. Risk of Noncardiac Surgery in the Cardiac Patient
  - 10-39. Risk of Noncardiac Surgery in the Cardiac Patient
  - F - e10-56. American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) Stepwise Approach to Perioperative Cardiac Assessment for CAD
- 10-40. Heart Disease & Pregnancy
  - 10-40. Heart Disease & Pregnancy
  - 10-41. Cardiovascular Changes During Pregnancy
  - 10-42. Management of Preexisting Conditions During Pregnancy
  - F - 10-10. Risk Index for Material Cardiac Complications in Pregnancy (Carpreg II)
  - T - 10-10. Management Strategies for Women with Valve Disease, Complex Congenital Heart Disease, Pulmonary Hypertension, Aortopathy, and Dilated Cardiomyopathy
- 10-43. Cardiovascular Complications of Pregnancy
  - 1. Cardiomyopathy of Pregnancy (Peripartum Cardiomyopathy)
  - 10-43. Cardiovascular Complications of Pregnancy
  - 2. Coronary Artery & Aortic Vascular Abnormalities During Pregnancy
  - 3. Management of Labor
- 10-44. Cardiovascular Screening of Athletes
  - 10-44. Cardiovascular Screening of Athletes
  - T - 10-11. 2-Element AHA Recommendations for Preparticipation Cardiovascular Screening of Competitive Athletes
  - T - 10-12. Recommendations for Competitive Sports Participation Among Athletes with Potential Causes of SCD
- Part 10. Coronary Artery Disease, Valvular Disease, & Other Key Topics in Cardiology
Part 11. Heart Failure & Cardiomyopathy
- 11-01. Heart Failure
- 11-02. Acute Heart Failure & Pulmonary Edema
  - 11-02. Acute Heart Failure & Pulmonary Edema
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 11-03. Infectious Myocarditis
- 11-05. Dilated Cardiomyopathy
- 11-06. Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy
- 11-07. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
- 11-08. Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
- Part 11. Heart Failure & Cardiomyopathy
Part 12. Disorders of Cardiac Rhythm
- 12-01. Disorders of Rate & Rhythm
- 12-02. Mechanisms of Arrhythmias
- 12-03. Techniques for Evaluating Rhythm Disturbances
  - 12-03. Techniques for Evaluating Rhythm Disturbances
  - T - 12-1. Antiarrhythmic Medications (Listed in Alphabetical Order Within Class)
- 12-04. Sinus Arrhythmia, Bradycardia, & Tachycardia
- 12-05. AV Block
- 12-06. Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia
  - 12-06. Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 12-07. PSVT Due to Accessory AV Pathways (Preexcitation Syndromes)
- 12-08. Atrial Fibrillation
- 12-09. Atrial Flutter
- 12-10. Atrial Tachycardia
- 12-11. Ventricular Premature Beats (Ventricular Extrasystoles)
- 12-12. Ventricular Tachycardia
- 12-13. Ventricular Fibrillation & Sudden Death
  - 12-13. Ventricular Fibrillation & Sudden Death
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 12-14. Inherited Arrhythmia Syndromes
- 12-15. Syncope
  - 12-15. Syncope
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- Part 12. Disorders of Cardiac Rhythm
Part 13. Systemic Hypertension
- 13-01. Overview: Systemic Hypertension
- 13-02. How is Blood Pressure Measured & Hypertension Diagnosed?
- 13-03. Approach to Hypertension
- 13-04. Drug Therapy: Current Antihypertensive Agents
- 13-05. Resistant Hypertension
  - 13-05. Resistant Hypertension
  - T - 13-14. Causes of Resistant Hypertension
- 13-06. Uncontrolled Hypertension & Hypertensive Emergency
- Part 13. Systemic Hypertension
Part 14. Blood Vessel & Lymphatic Disorders
- 14-01. Atherosclerotic Peripheral Vascular Disease
  - 14-01. Atherosclerotic Peripheral Vascular Disease
  - F - e14-1. Magnetic Resonance Angiography Showing Atherosclerotic Occlusive Disease of the Aortoiliac Segment
- 14-02. Occlusive Disease: Aorta & Iliac Arteries
  - 14-02. Occlusive Disease: Aorta & Iliac Arteries
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 14-03. Occlusive Disease: Femoral & Popliteal Arteries
  - 14-03. Occlusive Disease: Femoral & Popliteal Arteries
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e14-2. Magnetic Resonance Angiography of the Lower Extremity Demonstrating Preocclusive Disease of the Superficial Femoral Artery on the Right and Occlusion on the Left
- 14-04. Occlusive Disease: Tibial & Pedal Arteries
  - 14-04. Occlusive Disease: Tibial & Pedal Arteries
  - F - e14-3. Magnetic Resonance Angiography of the Arteries below the Knee
  - F - e14-4. Ischemic Foot Ulcer
- 14-05. Acute Arterial Occlusion of a Limb
  - 14-05. Acute Arterial Occlusion of a Limb
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 14-06. Occlusive Cerebrovascular Disease
  - 14-06. Occlusive Cerebrovascular Disease
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 14-1. Carotid Bifurcation Occlusive Disease
  - F - e14-5. Digital Subtraction Angiography of the Carotid Bifurcation Showing Severe Carotid Stenosis and a Large Ulceration
- 14-07. Visceral Artery Insufficiency (Intestinal Angina)
  - 14-07. Visceral Artery Insufficiency (Intestinal Angina)
  - 14-08. Acute Mesenteric Vein Occlusion
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 14-09. Thromboangiitis Obliterans (Buerger Disease)
  - 14-09. Thromboangiitis Obliterans (Buerger Disease)
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 14-10. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
  - 14-10. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e14-6. CT Angiography Cross Sectional Image of a Patient with a 5
  - F - e14-7. Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Based on CT Angiography
  - F - e14-8. CT Scan with Contrast Enhancement of the Abdomen Depicting 6
- 14-11. Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms
  - 14-11. Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e14-9. CT Shows Endovascular Repair of a Thoracoabdominal Aneurysm Utilizing Component Technology to Insert Grafts into the Major Aortic Branches
- 14-12. Peripheral Artery Aneurysms
  - 14-12. Peripheral Artery Aneurysms
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 14-13. Aortic Dissection
  - 14-13. Aortic Dissection
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e14-10. CT with Contrast of Chest Demonstrating Aneurysmal Degeneration of Type B Dissection
  - F - e14-11. Debakey and Stanford Classifications of Aortic Dissection
- 14-14. Varicose Veins
  - 14-14. Varicose Veins
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 14-15. Superficial Venous Thrombophlebitis
  - 14-15. Superficial Venous Thrombophlebitis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 14-16. Chronic Venous Insufficiency
  - 14-16. Chronic Venous Insufficiency
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 14-2. Cellulitis in an Older Man with Venous Stasis Dermatitis
  - F - 14-3. Ascending Lymphangitis Characterized by Lymphatic Streaking Up the Leg in a 55-Year-Old Man with Cellulitis
  - F - e14-12. Venous Ulcer on the Ankle of an Elderly Man
- 14-17. Superior Vena Caval Obstruction
  - 14-17. Superior Vena Caval Obstruction
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 14-18. Lymphangitis & Lymphadenitis
  - 14-18. Lymphangitis & Lymphadenitis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 14-19. Lymphedema
  - 14-19. Lymphedema
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e14-13. Chronic Lymphatic Insufficiency: Lymphedema
  - F - e14-14. Mossy Foot with Lymphatic Excrescences
- 14-20. Shock
  - 14-20. Shock
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - T - 14-1. Classification of Shock by Mechanism and Common Causes
- Part 14. Blood Vessel & Lymphatic Disorders
Part 15. Blood Disorders
- 15-01. Anemias
  - 15-01. Anemias
  - F - e15-1. Normal Peripheral Blood Smear
  - T - 15-1. Classification of Anemia by RBC Pathophysiology
  - T - 15-2. Classification of Anemia by Mean RBC Volume (MCV)
- 15-02. Iron Deficiency Anemia
  - 15-02. Iron Deficiency Anemia
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e15-2. Iron Deficiency Anemia-Figure, on Peripheral Blood Smear
  - T - 15-3. Causes of Iron Deficiency
- 15-03. Anemia of Chronic Disease
  - 15-03. Anemia of Chronic Disease
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 15-04. The Thalassemias
  - 15-04. The Thalassemias
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e15-3. Hemoglobin H Disease, on Peripheral Blood Smear
  - F - e15-4. Beta-Thalassemia Minor, on Peripheral Blood Smear
  - F - e15-5. Beta-Thalassemia Major, on Peripheral Blood Smear
  - T - 15-4. Alpha-Thalassemia Syndromes
  - T - 15-5. Beta-Thalassemia Syndromes
- 15-05. Sideroblastic Anemia
  - 15-05. Sideroblastic Anemia
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e15-6. Refractory (Clonal) Anemia with Ringed Sideroblasts
- 15-06. Vitamin B12 Deficiency
  - 15-06. Vitamin B12 Deficiency
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e15-10. Vitamin B12 Deficiency-Figure
  - F - e15-7. Role of Cobalamin (Vitamin B12) and Folic Acid in Nucleic Acid and Myelin Metabolism
  - F - e15-8. Megaloblastic Anemia due to Vitamin B12 Deficiency-Figure, Peripheral Blood Smear
  - F - e15-9. Megaloblastic Anemia as a Result of Vitamin B12 or Folate Deficiency, Peripheral Blood Smear
  - T - 15-6. Causes of Vitamin B2 Deficiency
- 15-07. Folic Acid Deficiency
  - 15-07. Folic Acid Deficiency
  - 15-08. Pure Red Blood Cell Aplasia
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - T - 15-7. Causes of Folic Acid Deficiency
- 15-09. Hemolytic Anemias
  - 15-09. Hemolytic Anemias
  - T - 15-8. Classification of Hemolytic Anemias
- 15-10. Hereditary Spherocytosis
  - 15-10. Hereditary Spherocytosis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 15-11. Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria
  - 15-11. Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 15-12. Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency
  - 15-12. Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e15-11. Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency, Peripheral Blood Smear
  - F - e15-12. Heinz Bodies, Peripheral Blood Stained with a Supravital Stain (Such as Crystal Violet)
- 15-13. Sickle Cell Anemia & Related Syndromes
  - 15-13. Sickle Cell Anemia & Related Syndromes
  - 15-14. Sickle Cell Trait
  - 15-15. Sickle Thalassemia
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e15-13. Sickle Cell Disease, Peripheral Blood Smear
  - F - e15-14. Sickle Cell Disease, Peripheral Blood Smear
  - T - 15-9. Hemoglobin Distribution in Sickle Cell Syndromes
- 15-16. Hemoglobin C Disorders
  - 15-16. Hemoglobin C Disorders
  - 15-17. Unstable Hemoglobins
  - F - e15-15. Hemoglobin CC Disease, Peripheral Blood Smear
- 15-18. Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
  - 15-18. Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e15-16. Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia, Warm Antibody Type, Peripheral Blood Smear
- 15-19. Cold Agglutinin Disease
  - 15-19. Cold Agglutinin Disease
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 15-20. Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemias
  - 15-20. Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemias
  - F - e15-17. Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome, Peripheral Blood Smear
- 15-21. Aplastic Anemia
  - 15-21. Aplastic Anemia
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e15-18. Nonpalpable Purpura
  - T - 15-10. Causes of Aplastic Anemia
  - T - 15-11. Causes of Pancytopenia
- 15-22. Neutropenia
  - 15-22. Neutropenia
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - T - 15-12. Causes of Neutropenia
- 15-23. Leukemias & Other Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
  - 15-23. Leukemias & Other Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
  - F - e15-19. Classification of Leukemias According to Cell Type and Lineage
  - T - 15-13. WHO Classification of Myeloid Neoplasms (Modified)
  - T - 15-14. Laboratory Features of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
- 15-24. Polycythemia Vera
  - 15-24. Polycythemia Vera
  - 15-25. Essential Thrombocytosis
  - F - e15-20. Hereditary Elliptocytosis, Peripheral Blood Smear
  - T - 15-15. Causes of Polycythemia
- 15-26. Primary Myelofibrosis
  - 15-26. Primary Myelofibrosis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e15-21. Primary Myelofibrosis, Peripheral Blood Smears
  - F - e15-22. Primary Myelofibrosis, Bone Marrow Biopsy Sections
- 15-27. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
  - 15-27. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e15-23. Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (Cml), Peripheral Blood Smear
  - F - e15-24. Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, Marrow Aspirate Films
  - F - e15-25. Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
- 15-28. Myelodysplastic Neoplasms
  - 15-28. Myelodysplastic Neoplasms
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e15-26. Myelodysplasia
  - F - e15-27. Myelodysplastic Syndrome
- 15-29. Acute Leukemia
  - 15-29. Acute Leukemia
  - F - e15-28. Peripheral Blood Changes in Leukemias
  - F - e15-29. Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (Apl), Bone Marrow Aspirate Films
- 15-30. Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
  - 15-30. Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
  - F - e15-30. Bone Marrow Involvement in Leukemias
  - F - e15-31. Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia-Figure, Bone Marrow Sections
- 15-31. Hairy Cell Leukemia
  - 15-31. Hairy Cell Leukemia
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e15-32. Hairy Cell Leukemia, Bone Marrow Aspirate
- 15-32. Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas
  - 15-32. Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e15-33. Follicular Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
  - T - 15-16. World Health Organization Classification of Lymphomas (Modified from 2022 Version)
- 15-33. Hodgkin Lymphoma
  - 15-33. Hodgkin Lymphoma
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e15-34. Hodgkin Lymphoma, Mixed Cellularity Subtype, Excisional Lymph Node Biopsy
- 15-34. Plasma Cell Myeloma
  - 15-34. Plasma Cell Myeloma
  - F - e15-35. Plasma Cell Myeloma-Figure, Peripheral Blood Smear
- 15-35. Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance
  - 15-35. Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 15-36. Waldenström Macroglobulinemia
  - 15-36. WaldenstrÃ¶m Macroglobulinemia
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e15-36. A: Hyperviscosity Syndrome on Funduscopic Examination of a Patient with WaldenstrÃ¶m Macroglobulinemia
- 15-37. Amyloidosis
  - 15-37. Amyloidosis
  - 15-38. Stem Cell & Immune Cell Therapeutics
  - 15-39. Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation
  - 15-40. Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation
  - 15-41. Immune Effector Cell Therapy
  - 15-42. Blood Transfusions
  - 15-43. RBC Transfusions
  - 15-44. Platelet Transfusions
  - 15-45. Transfusion of Plasma Components
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- Part 15. Blood Disorders
Part 16. Disorders of Hemostasis, Thrombosis, & Antithrombotic Therapy
- 16-01. Overview of Hemostasis
- 16-02. Thrombocytopenia
- 16-03. Decreased Platelet Production
- 16-04. Increased Platelet Destruction
- 16-05. Other Conditions Causing Thrombocytopenia
- 16-07. Acquired Disorders of Platelet Function
  - 16-07. Acquired Disorders of Platelet Function
  - T - e16-2. Causes of Acquired Platelet Dysfunction
- 16-08. Congenital Disorders of Coagulation
- 16-09. Acquired Disorders of Coagulation
- 16-11. Antithrombotic Therapy
- Part 16. Disorders of Hemostasis, Thrombosis, & Antithrombotic Therapy
Part 17. Gastrointestinal Disorders
- 17-01. Dyspepsia
  - 17-01. Dyspepsia
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 17-02. Nausea & Vomiting
  - 17-02. Nausea & Vomiting
  - 17-03. Hiccups
  - T - 17-1. Causes of Nausea and Vomiting
  - T - 17-2. Common Antiemetic Dosing Regimens
- 17-04. Constipation
  - 17-04. Constipation
  - T - 17-3. Causes of Constipation in Adults
  - T - 17-4. Pharmacologic Management of Constipation
- 17-05. Gastrointestinal Gas
  - 1. Belching
  - 2. Bloating & Flatus
- 17-06. Diarrhea
  - 1. Acute Diarrhea
  - 17-06. Diarrhea
  - 2. Chronic Diarrhea
  - F - 17-1. Evaluation of Acute Diarrhea
  - F - 17-2. Decision Diagram for Diagnosis of Causes of Chronic Diarrhea
  - T - 17-5. Causes of Acute Infectious Diarrhea
  - T - 17-6. Causes of Chronic Diarrhea
- 17-07. Gi Bleeding
  - 1. Acute Upper Gi Bleeding
  - 17-07. Gi Bleeding
  - 2. Acute Lower Gi Bleeding
  - 3. Suspected Small Bowel Bleeding
  - 4. Occult Gi Bleeding
  - F - e17-1. Duodenal Angioectasia Characterized by its Bright Red, Stellate Appearance
  - F - e17-2. A: Colonic Angioectasia Characterized by its Bright Red Appearance
  - F - e17-3. The Corkscrew Vessels of a Solitary Colonic Angioectasia are Seen with Slight Bleeding
- 17-08. Assessment of the Patient with Ascites
  - 17-08. Assessment of the Patient with Ascites
  - T - 17-7. Causes of Ascites
- 17-09. Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis
  - 17-09. Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis
  - 17-10. Malignant Ascites
  - 17-11. Familial Mediterranean Fever
  - 17-12. Mesothelioma
  - 17-13. Miscellaneous Peritoneal Diseases
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 17-14. Diseases of the Esophagus
  - 17-14. Diseases of the Esophagus
  - T - 17-8. Causes of Oropharyngeal Dysphagia
  - T - 17-9. Causes of Esophageal Dysphagia
- 17-15. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
  - 17-15. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
  - F - e17-10. A: Under High-Definition, White-Light Endoscopy, Columnar Epithelium is Visible Extending into the Distal Esophagus in a Circumferential Manner
  - F - e17-11. A: A Smooth, Benign Appearing Peptic Stricture in the Distal Esophagus
  - F - e17-4. Normal Appearing Z Line: the Junction of Squamous Esophageal Mucosa and Columnar Gastric Mucosa
  - F - e17-5. With Gastroscope Within Stomach and Retroflexed, the Proximal Stomach Can be Seen Extending above the Diaphragmatic Narrowing
  - F - e17-6. Distal Esophagus (Squamocolumnar Junction) with 2 Linear Erosions >5 mm in Length at 2 and 10 O'clock (LA Grade B)
  - F - e17-7. Distal Esophagus with Ulceration Involving Less Than 75% of Circumference (LA Grade C)
  - F - e17-8. Distal Esophagus with Ulceration Involving >75% of the Esophageal Circumference Consistent with LA Grade D
  - F - e17-9. Using Blue Light Enhancement, a Solitary Tongue of Columnar Epithelium is Seen that Extends into the Distal Esophagus
- 17-16. Infectious Esophagitis
  - 17-16. Infectious Esophagitis
  - 17-17. Pill-Induced Esophagitis
  - 17-18. Caustic Esophageal Injury
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e17-12. These White Fluffy Exudates are Typical of Candida Esophagitis
- 17-19. Benign Esophageal Lesions
  - 1. Mallory-Weiss Syndrome (Mucosal Laceration of Gastroesophageal Junction)
  - 2. Eosinophilic Esophagitis
  - 3. Esophageal Webs & Rings
  - 4. Zenker Diverticulum
  - 5. Esophageal Varices
  - 6. Esophageal Diverticula
  - 7. Benign Esophageal Neoplasms
  - F - e17-13. A Mallory Weiss Tear with Active Oozing is Evident at the Squamocolumnar Junction
  - F - e17-14. White Plaques and Linear Furrows Commonly Seen with Eosinophilic Esophagitis
  - F - e17-15. Fine, Concentric Mucosal Rings (Trachealization) Seen in Some Patients with Eosinophilic Esophagitis
  - F - e17-16. Two Trunks of Small Nonbleeding Varices Visualized in Distal Esophagus
  - F - e17-17. Through the Plastic Endoscopic Application Device is Visualized a Rubber Band that Has Been Placed on a Varix
- 17-20. Esophageal Motility Disorders
  - 1. Achalasia
  - 17-21. Chest Pain of Undetermined Origin
  - 2. Other Primary Esophageal Motility Disorders
- 17-22. Gastritis & Gastropathy
  - 1. Erosive & Hemorrhagic gastritis (Gastropathy)
  - 17-22. Gastritis & Gastropathy
  - 2. Nonerosive, Nonspecific Gastritis & Intestinal Metaplasia
  - 3. Specific Types of Gastritis
  - T - 17-10. Treatment Options for Peptic Ulcer Disease
- 17-23. Peptic Ulcer Disease
  - 17-23. Peptic Ulcer Disease
  - F - e17-18. A: A Benign, Clean-Based Gastric Ulcer
  - F - e17-19. Clean Based Duodenal White 1-cm Ulcer of Duodenal Bulb
  - F - e17-20. A Large, Deep Duodenal Ulcer is Seen with Brown Spots Suggesting Recent Bleeding
  - F - e17-21. A Soft, Gelatinous Clot is Adherent to an Underlying Duodenal Ulcer
  - F - e17-22. Active Bleeding Obscured an Underlying Duodenal Ulcer
- 17-24. Complications of Peptic Ulcer Disease
  - 1. Gi Hemorrhage
  - 2. Ulcer Perforation
  - 3. Ulcer Penetration
  - 4. Gastric Outlet Obstruction
- 17-25. Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome (Gastrinoma)
  - 17-25. Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome (Gastrinoma)
  - 17-26. Benign Tumors of the Stomach
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 17-27. Malabsorption
  - 1. Celiac Disease
  - 17-27. Malabsorption
  - 2. Whipple Disease
  - 3. Bacterial Overgrowth
  - 4. Short Bowel Syndrome
  - 5. Lactase Deficiency
  - F - e17-23. In the Duodenum, the Mucosa Has a 'scalloped' or 'mosaic' Appearance
  - T - 17-11. Clinical Manifestations and Laboratory Findings in Malabsorption of Various Nutrients
- 17-28. Intestinal Motility Disorders
  - 1. Acute Paralytic Ileus
  - 17-29. Benign Tumors of the Small Intestine
  - 2. Acute Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction (Ogilvie Syndrome)
  - 3. Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction & Gastroparesis
- 17-30. Appendicitis
  - 17-30. Appendicitis
  - 17-31. Intestinal Tuberculosis
  - 17-32. Protein-Losing Enteropathy
  - 17-33. Irritable Bowel Syndrome
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 17-34. Antibiotic-Associated Colitis
  - 17-34. Antibiotic-Associated Colitis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e17-24. Clostridioides Difficile Colitis with Pseudomembranes (Adherent, Yellow Mounds)
- 17-35. Inflammatory Bowel Disease
  - 1. Crohn Disease
  - 17-35. Inflammatory Bowel Disease
  - 2. Ulcerative Colitis
  - 3. Microscopic Colitis
  - F - e17-25. Crohn Disease of Colon Characterized by Scattered Ulcers with Adherent Mucopus and Intervening Normal Appearing Mucosa
  - F - e17-26. Crohn Involvement of Terminal Ileum with Extensive Linear and Stellate Ulcers
  - F - e17-27. A Crohn Ulcer is Seen that Has Resulted in a Colonic Stricture
  - F - e17-28. Mild Ulcerative Colitis-Figure Characterized by Loss of Normal Vascularity and Scattered Small Erosions
  - F - e17-29. Severe Ulcerative Colitis-Figure is Characterized by Granularity, Loss of Normal Vascularity, Diffuse Erosions and Ulcerations, and Spontaneous Bleeding
  - T - 17-12. Ulcerative Colitis: Assessment of Disease Activity
- 17-36. Diverticular Disease of the Colon
  - 1. Uncomplicated Diverticulosis
  - 17-36. Diverticular Disease of the Colon
  - 2. Diverticulitis
  - 3. Diverticular Bleeding
  - F - e17-30. Three Colonic Diverticula
- 17-37. Polyps of the Colon
  - 17-37. Polyps of the Colon
  - F - e17-31. A Diminutive Rectal Hyperplastic Polyp Characterized by Size, White Color, Lack of Vascularity, and Smooth Surface
- 17-38. Nonfamilial Adenomatous & Serrated Polyps
  - 17-38. Nonfamilial Adenomatous & Serrated Polyps
  - F - e17-32. Diminutive Sessile Colonic Adenoma Characterized by a Variegated Mucosal Surface
  - F - e17-33. Diminutive Sessile Colonic Adenoma Visualized Under Blue Light Imaging to Characterize a Prominent Mottled Vascular Pattern
  - F - e17-34. A Large, Slightly Elevated Serrated Lesions is Well Seen after 'lifting' with a Submucosal Injection of Saline with Blue Dye Coloring
  - F - e17-35. A Large Sessile Colonic Adenoma; Pathologic Assessment Confirmed Tubulovillous Features
  - F - e17-36. A 1-cm Bi-Lobed Adenoma is Visible that is Attached to a Long Stalk (Pedunculated Polyp)
- 17-39. Hereditary Colorectal Cancer & Polyposis Syndromes
  - 1. Familial Adenomatous Polyposis
  - 17-39. Hereditary Colorectal Cancer & Polyposis Syndromes
  - 2. Hamartomatous Polyposis Syndromes
  - 3. Lynch Syndrome
- 17-40. Hemorrhoids
  - 17-40. Hemorrhoids
  - 17-41. Anorectal Infections
  - 17-42. Rectal Prolapse & Solitary Rectal Ulcer Syndrome
  - 17-43. Fecal Incontinence
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e17-37. Forward View of Internal Hemorrhoid Columns
  - F - e17-38. Location of Internal Hemorrhoids Within Distal Rectum, Proximal to Dentate Line is Confirmed on this Colonoscopic Retroflex View
  - F - e17-39. External Hemorrhoid Characterized by its Location Adjacent but External to Anal Opening and Squamous Epithelium
- 17-44. Other Anal Conditions
  - 17-44. Other Anal Conditions
  - F - e17-40. A Linear Anal Fissure is Visible at 1 O'clock
- Part 17. Gastrointestinal Disorders
Part 18. Liver, Biliary Tract, & Pancreas Disorders
- 18-01. Jaundice & Evaluation of Abnormal Liver Biochemical Tests
  - 18-01. Jaundice & Evaluation of Abnormal Liver Biochemical Tests
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e18-1. Jaundice
  - F - e18-10. Schematic Diagram of a Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiogram, Here Used to Provide Drainage for an Obstructing Pancreatic Carcinoma
  - F - e18-2. Urine in Hyperbilirubinemia
  - F - e18-3. Vascular Spider Telangiectasia
  - F - e18-4. Palmar Erythema
  - F - e18-5. Caput Medusae, Umbilical Hernia
  - F - e18-6. Ascites, Gynecomastia
  - F - e18-7. Choledocholithiasis
  - F - e18-8. Dilated Bile Ducts
  - F - e18-9. Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
  - T - 18-1. Classification of Jaundice
  - T - 18-2. Hyperbilirubinemic Disorders
  - T - 18-3. Liver Biochemical Tests: Normal Values and Changes in Hepatocellular and Obstructive Jaundice
  - T - 18-4. Causes of Serum Aminotransferase Elevations
- 18-02. Acute Hepatitis A
  - 18-02. Acute Hepatitis A
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 18-1. The Typical Course of Acute Type A Hepatitis
- 18-03. Acute Hepatitis B
  - 18-03. Acute Hepatitis B
  - F - 18-2. The Typical Course of Acute Type B Hepatitis
  - T - 18-5. Common Serologic Patterns in Hepatitis B Virus (Hbv) Infection and Their Interpretation
- 18-04. Acute Hepatitis C & Other Causes of Acute Viral Hepatitis
  - 1. Hepatitis C
  - 18-04. Acute Hepatitis C & Other Causes of Acute Viral Hepatitis
  - 2. Hepatitis D
  - 3. Hepatitis E
  - 4. Human Pegivirus (Hepatitis G)
  - F - 18-3. The Typical Course of Acute and Chronic Hepatitis C
- 18-05. Acute Liver Failure
  - 18-05. Acute Liver Failure
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 18-06. Chronic Viral Hepatitis
  - 1. Chronic Hepatitis B & Chronic Hepatitis D
  - 2. Chronic Hepatitis C
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e18-11. Mild Chronic Hepatitis (Low Power and High Power)
  - F - e18-12. Moderately Severe Chronic Hepatitis (Low Power and High Power)
  - T - 18-6. Direct-Acting Antiviral Agents for HCV Infection (in Alphabetical Order Within Class)
  - T - 18-7. Preferred Fda-Approved Oral Direct-Acting Antiviral (Daa) Treatment Regimens for HCV Infection
- 18-07. Autoimmune Hepatitis
  - 18-07. Autoimmune Hepatitis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e18-13. Autoimmune Hepatitis: Typical Histologic Findings of Autoimmune Hepatitis are Plasma Cells (Arrows) at the Interface Between the Portal Tract (Top of Figure) and Lobule (Bottom), with Inflammatory Cells Spilling into the Lobule, Referred to as Interface Hepatitis
- 18-08. Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease
  - 18-08. Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e18-14. Alcohol-Associated Hepatitis
  - F - e18-15. Alcohol-Associated Cirrhosis-Figure of the Liver
- 18-09. Drug- & Toxin-Induced Liver Injury
  - 18-09. Drug- & Toxin-Induced Liver Injury
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 18-10. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
  - 18-10. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e18-16. Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)
- 18-11. Cirrhosis
  - 18-11. Cirrhosis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e18-17. Micronodular Cirrhosis-Figure: Trichome Stain of a Liver Biopsy Specimen from a 33-Year-Old Man with Cirrhosis-Figure Shows Regenerative Nodules (Circle) Surrounded by Fibrosis (Arrows) Bridging from Portal Tracts to Adjacent Portal Tracts and Central Veins
  - F - e18-18. Cirrhosis-Figure: Macronodular and Postnecrotic (Low Power)
  - F - e18-19. Clinical Effects of Cirrhosis-Figure of the Liver
  - F - e18-20. Umbilical Hernia from Severe Ascites in Decompensated Cirrhosis-Figure
  - F - e18-21. Spider Telangiectasias of the Thoracic Wall in Chronic Liver Disease
  - F - e18-22. Spider Telangiectasias of the Face in Chronic Liver Disease
  - F - e18-23. Palmar Erythema in Chronic Liver Disease
  - F - e18-24. Caput Medusae in Cirrhosis-Figure
  - F - e18-25. Cirrhosis-Figure
  - F - e18-26. Cirrhosis-Figure
  - F - e18-27. Portal Hypertension
  - F - e18-28. Cirrhosis-Figure
  - F - e18-29. Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Deficiency
  - F - e18-30. Portal Hypertensive Gastropathy
  - F - e18-31. Position of Patient for Paracentesis
  - F - e18-32. Aspiration of Peritoneal Fluid
  - F - e18-33. Pathogenesis of Ascites Formation in the Cirrhotic Patient
  - F - e18-34. A: Esophageal Varices: Upper Endoscopy Demonstrates Four Columns of Esophageal Varices
  - T - 18-8. Child-Pugh and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) Scoring Systems for Staging Cirrhosis
- 18-12. Primary Biliary Cholangitis
  - 18-12. Primary Biliary Cholangitis
  - F - e18-35. Tendinous Xanthomas
  - F - e18-36. Primary Biliary Cholangitis-Figure
- 18-13. Hemochromatosis
  - 18-13. Hemochromatosis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e18-37. Hemochromatosis Figure
- 18-14. Wilson Disease
  - 18-14. Wilson Disease
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 18-4. Brownish Kayser-Fleischer Ring at the Rim of the Cornea in a Patient with Wilson Disease
  - F - e18-38. Kayser-Fleischer Ring
- 18-15. Hepatic Venous Outflow Obstruction (Budd-Chiari Syndrome)
  - 18-15. Hepatic Venous Outflow Obstruction (Budd-Chiari Syndrome)
  - 18-16. The Liver in Heart Failure
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e18-39. Liver Biopsycentrilobular Congestion (Nutmeg Liver)
- 18-17. Noncirrhotic Portal Hypertension
  - 18-17. Noncirrhotic Portal Hypertension
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 18-18. Pyogenic Hepatic Abscess
  - 18-18. Pyogenic Hepatic Abscess
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e18-40. Liver Abscess
  - F - e18-41. Multiple Hepatic and Splenic Pyogenic Abscesses
- 18-19. Benign Liver Neoplasms
  - 18-19. Benign Liver Neoplasms
  - F - e18-42. Hemangioma
  - F - e18-43. Hemangioma of the Liver
  - F - e18-44. Focal Nodular Hyperplasia on MRI (Post-Contrast)
  - F - e18-45. Focal Nodular Hyperplasia
  - F - e18-46. Hepatic Adenoma
- 18-20. Cholelithiasis (Gallstones)
  - 18-20. Cholelithiasis (Gallstones)
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e18-47. Floating Gallstones
  - T - 18-9. Diseases of the Biliary Tract
- 18-21. Acute Cholecystitis
  - 18-21. Acute Cholecystitis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e18-48. Gallstones
- 18-22. Pre- & Postcholecystectomy Syndromes
  - 1. Precholecystectomy
  - 2. Postcholecystectomy
- 18-23. Choledocholithiasis & Cholangitis
  - 18-23. Choledocholithiasis & Cholangitis
  - 18-24. Biliary Stricture
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e18-49. Choledocholithiasis
  - F - e18-50. Bile Duct Stone
  - F - e18-51. Cholangiogram Shows Multiple Bile Duct Stones (Arrows)
  - F - e18-52. Endoscopic Sphincterotomy
- 18-25. Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
  - 18-25. Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e18-53. Liver Biopsy Specimens Showing Two Views of the Characteristic Periductal Fibrosis (Onion-Skinning) of Sclerosing Cholangitis
  - F - e18-54. Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Shows Sclerosing Cholangitis (Metallic Clips Shown are Incidental)
  - F - e18-55. Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis on Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
- 18-26. Acute Pancreatitis
  - 18-26. Acute Pancreatitis
  - F - e18-56. Factors Likely Involved in the Pathogenesis of Acute Pancreatitis
  - F - e18-57. Acute Pancreatitis
  - F - e18-58. Pancreatitis
  - F - e18-59. Acute Pancreatitis
  - F - e18-60. Transverse Ultrasonogram of the Upper Abdomen in a Patient with Pancreatitis
  - F - e18-61. CT Scan of a Large Unilocular Pseudocyst Impinging on the Posterior Wall of the Stomach (Which Contains Contrast Media)
  - T - 18-10. Ranson Criteria for Assessing the Severity of Acute Pancreatitis
  - T - 18-11. Estimated Mortality Rates of Pancreatitis Based on Severity
- 18-27. Chronic Pancreatitis
  - 18-27. Chronic Pancreatitis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e18-62. Pancreatic Calcifications
  - F - e18-63. Dilated Pancreatic Duct
  - T - 18-12. Fda-Approved Pancreatic Enzyme (Pancrelipase) Preparations
- Part 18. Liver, Biliary Tract, & Pancreas Disorders
Part 19. Breast Disorders
- 19-01. Fibrocystic Condition
- 19-03. Nipple Discharge
- 19-07. Carcinoma of the Female Breast
- 19-08. Carcinoma of the Male Breast
  - 19-08. Carcinoma of the Male Breast
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- Part 19. Breast Disorders
Part 20. Gynecologic Disorders
- 20-01. Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Women of Reproductive Age
  - 20-01. Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Women of Reproductive Age
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e20-1. Cervical Polyps
  - F - e20-2. Uterine Myoma, Cut Section
  - F - e20-3. Myoma
  - T - 20-1. Common Gynecologic Diagnostic Procedures
  - T - e20-1. Palm-Coein Classification System for the Causes of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB) in Nonpregnant Women of Reproductive Age
- 20-02. Postmenopausal Uterine Bleeding
  - 20-02. Postmenopausal Uterine Bleeding
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 20-03. Leiomyoma of the Uterus (Fibroid Tumor)
  - 20-03. Leiomyoma of the Uterus (Fibroid Tumor)
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 20-04. Cervical Polyps
  - 20-04. Cervical Polyps
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 20-05. Pelvic Pain
  - 1. Primary Dysmenorrhea
  - 2. Endometriosis
  - 3. Other Etiologies of Pelvic Pain
  - 4. Chronic Pelvic Pain
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e20-4. Common Sites of Endometrial Implants (Endometriosis)
  - F - e20-5. Left Adnexal Endometrioma, Ultrasound Findings
  - F - e20-6. Left Adnexal Endometrioma, MRI Findings
- 20-06. Pelvic Organ Prolapse
  - 20-06. Pelvic Organ Prolapse
  - 20-07. Premenstrual Syndrome
  - F - e20-10. Uterine Prolapse, Slight and Marked (Procidentia)
  - F - e20-11. Insertion of Hodge Type Pessary if Bimanual Replacement of Uterus is not Successful
  - F - e20-12. Types of Pessaries
  - F - e20-7. Anterior Vaginal Prolapse, Known as Cystocele
  - F - e20-8. Rectocele (Also Known as Posterior Vaginal Prolapse), (A
  - F - e20-9. Enterocele and Prolapsed Uterus, Sagittal View
- 20-08. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
  - 20-08. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
  - 20-09. Infertility
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 20-10. Contraception & Family Planning
  - 1. Oral Contraceptives
  - 10. Sterilization
  - 11. Abortion
  - 2. Contraceptive Injections & Implants (Long-Acting Progestins)
  - 20-10. Contraception & Family Planning
  - 20-11. Female Sexual Dysfunction
  - 3. Other Combined Hormonal Contraceptives
  - 4. Intrauterine Devices
  - 5. Diaphragm & Cervical Cap
  - 6. Contraceptive Foam, Cream, Film, Sponge, Jelly, & Suppository
  - 7. Condoms
  - 8. Contraception Based On Awareness of Fertile Periods
  - 9. Emergency Contraception
  - F - e20-13. Intrauterine Devices (Iuds) Currently Approved for Use in the U
  - F - e20-14. Insertion of the Paragard T 380a Copper Intrauterine Device (IUD)
  - F - e20-15. Typical Basal Body Temperature and Plasma Hormone Concentrations (Mean Â± Standard Error) During a Normal 28-Day Human Menstrual Cycle
  - T - 20-2. Commonly Used Low-Dose Oral Contraceptives (Listed Within Each Group in Order of Increasing Estrogen Dose)
  - T - 20-3. Contraindications to Use of Combined Hormonal Contraceptives
  - T - 20-4. Contraindications to IUD Use
- 20-12. Sexual Violence
  - 20-12. Sexual Violence
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 20-13. Bartholin Duct Cysts & Abscesses
  - 20-13. Bartholin Duct Cysts & Abscesses
  - F - 20-1. Bartholin Cyst (Abscess)
- 20-14. Vaginitis
  - 20-14. Vaginitis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 20-2. Cervical Candidiasis
  - F - 20-3. Strawberry Cervix in Trichomonas Vaginalis Infection, with Inflammation and Punctate Hemorrhages
  - F - 20-4. Clue Cells Seen in Bacterial Vaginosis due to Gardnerella Vaginalis
  - F - e20-16. Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) Preparation Showing Branched Hyphae and Budding Yeast of Candida Albicans
- 20-15. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (Salpingitis, Endometritis)
  - 20-15. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (Salpingitis, Endometritis)
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e20-17. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease with a Characteristic Pyosalpinx (Fallopian Tube Filled, Even Distended, with Pus), Most Commonly Caused by Infection with Chlamydia and/or Gonorrhea
- 20-16. Condyloma Acuminata
  - 20-16. Condyloma Acuminata
  - F - e20-18. Condylomata Acuminata of Vulvar and Perineal Skin
- 20-17. Effects of Exposure to Diethylstilbestrol in Utero
  - 20-17. Effects of Exposure to Diethylstilbestrol in Utero
  - F - e20-19. Cervical Changes in Women Exposed to Diethylstilbestrol (Des) in Utero
- 20-18. Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) (Dysplasia of the Cervix)
  - 20-18. Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) (Dysplasia of the Cervix)
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 20-5. Erosion of the Cervix due to Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN), a Precursor Lesion to Cervical Cancer
  - T - 20-5. Bethesda Classification for Papanicolaou Smears
- 20-19. Carcinoma of the Cervix
  - 20-19. Carcinoma of the Cervix
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - T - e20-2. Figo Staging of Cancer of the Cervix
- 20-20. Carcinoma of the Endometrium
  - 20-20. Carcinoma of the Endometrium
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e20-20. Endometrial Carcinoma
- 20-21. Carcinoma of the Vulva
  - 20-21. Carcinoma of the Vulva
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e20-21. Vulvar High-Grade Intraepithelial Lesion (Hsil) with Extensive Perineal and Perianal Extension
  - F - e20-22. Lymphogranuloma Venereum-Figure (Lgv), an Infection of the Lymphatic and Soft Tissues of the Perineum Caused by One of the Aggressive L Serotypes (L1, L2, or L3) of Chlamydia Trachomatis
- 20-22. Ovarian Tumors & Ovarian Cancer
  - 20-22. Ovarian Tumors & Ovarian Cancer
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e20-23. Tubo-Ovarian Abscess
  - F - e20-24. Ovarian Mass
  - T - e20-3. Ovarian Functional and Neoplastic Tumors
- Part 20. Gynecologic Disorders
Part 21. Obstetrics & Obstetric Disorders
- 21-01. Diagnosis of Pregnancy
- 21-02. Essentials of Prenatal Care
- 21-05. Lactation
- 21-07. Vomiting of Pregnancy & Hyperemesis Gravidarum
  - 21-07. Vomiting of Pregnancy & Hyperemesis Gravidarum
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 21-08. Spontaneous Pregnancy Loss
- 21-10. Ectopic Pregnancy
- 21-11. Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (Hydatidiform Mole & Choriocarcinoma)
- 21-12. Preeclampsia-Eclampsia
- 21-14. Third-Trimester Bleeding
- 21-16. Chorioamnionitis & Metritis
- 21-20. Diabetes Mellitus
- Part 21. Obstetrics & Obstetric Disorders
Part 22. Rheumatologic, Immunologic, & Allergic Disorders
- 22-01. Rheumatologic Disorders
  - 22-01. Rheumatologic Disorders
  - F - e22-1. A: Lateral View of the Ankle
  - F - e22-2. A: Anterior View of the Shoulder
  - F - e22-3. A: Dorsum of the Left Wrist
  - F - e22-4. A: Lateral View of the Knee
  - F - e22-5. A: Lateral View of the Elbow Flexed to 90 Degrees
  - F - e22-6. Injection of the Metacarpophalangeal Joint
  - F - e22-7. Injection of the Trochanteric Bursa
  - T - 22-1. Diagnostic Value of the Joint Pattern
  - T - 22-2. Examination of Joint Fluid
  - T - 22-3. Differential Diagnosis by Joint Fluid Groups
- 22-02. Degenerative Joint Disease (Osteoarthritis)
  - 22-02. Degenerative Joint Disease (Osteoarthritis)
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 22-1. Osteoarthritis in an Older Woman with Heberden Nodes at the Distal Interphalangeal Joints
  - F - e22-10. Osteoarthritis with Medial Compartment Narrowing of Both Knees
  - F - e22-8. Osteoarthritis with Joint Space Narrowing of Both the Distal Interphalangeal Joints and the Proximal Interphalangeal Joints of the Left Hand
  - F - e22-9. Radiograph of the Left Thumb Shows Loss of the Joint Space Between the Proximal Thumb Metacarpal and the Trapezium Bone
- 22-03. Crystal Deposition Arthritis
  - 1. Gouty Arthritis
  - 2. Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition
  - 22-04. Autoimmune Diseases
  - F - 22-2. Typical Inflammatory Changes of Gout at First Metatarsophalangeal Joint (Podagra)
  - F - e22-11. Tophaceous Deposit on the Elbow of a Patient with Gout
  - F - e22-12. Gouty Erosion at the First Metatarsal Phalangeal Joint of the Right Foot
  - F - e22-13. Chondrocalcinosis of the Triangular Cartilage of the Left Wrist
  - T - 22-4. Origin of Hyperuricemia
- 22-05. Rheumatoid Arthritis
  - 22-05. Rheumatoid Arthritis
  - 22-06. Adult Still Disease
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 22-3. Rheumatoid Arthritis with Ulnar Deviation at the Metacarpophalangeal Joints
  - F - 22-4. Rheumatoid Nodules over the Extensor Surface of the Forearm
  - F - 22-5. Scleritis in a Young Woman with Rheumatoid Arthritis
  - F - e22-14. Synovitis Bilaterally at Multiple Metacarpal Phalangeal Joints in a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis
  - F - e22-15. Florid Wrist Synovitis in a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis
  - F - e22-16. Rheumatoid Arthritis
  - F - e22-17. Erosions at Ulnar Styloid and at the Radioulnar Joint in a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis
  - F - e22-18. Erosions at the Second, Third, Fourth, and Fifth Metatarsophalangeal Joints of the Right Foot in a Patient with Advanced Rheumatoid Arthritis
  - F - e22-19. Subluxation of the Second, Third, Fourth, and Fifth Metacarpal Heads of the Right Hand in a Patient with Advanced Rheumatoid Arthritis
  - T - 22-5. Classification Criteria for Rheumatoid Arthritis
  - T - 22-6. Frequency (%) of Autoantibodies in Rheumatic Diseases
- 22-07. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
  - 22-07. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e22-20. Lupus Panniculitis (Also Known as Lupus Profundus) in a Patient with SLE
  - F - e22-21. Active Discoid Lupus Skin Lesions
  - T - 22-7. 209 European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology Classification Criteria for SLE
  - T - 22-8. Frequency (%) of Laboratory Abnormalities in SLE
  - T - e22-1. Association Between the Presence of Various Hla Markers and Selected Autoimmune Diseases
  - T - e22-2. Traditional Criteria for the Classification of SLE
- 22-08. Drug-Induced Lupus
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - T - e22-3. Common Causes of Drug-Induced Lupus and Drug-Induced Subacute Cutaneous Lupus
- 22-09. Antiphospholipid Syndrome
  - 22-09. Antiphospholipid Syndrome
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 22-10. Raynaud Phenomenon
  - 22-10. Raynaud Phenomenon
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 22-6. The Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma) Nailfold Capillaroscopic Pattern: Early, Active, and Late Nailfold Patterns Versus Normal
  - F - e22-22. Infected Digital Ulcer from Raynaud Phenomenon
  - F - e22-23. Raynaud Phenomenon of the Hands Characterized by Paroxysmal Bilateral Digital Pallor and Cyanosis Followed by Rubor; Early in Attacks, Only One or Two Fingertips May be Affected but as It Progresses, All Fingers Down to the Distal Palm May be Involved
  - T - 22-9. Causes of Secondary Raynaud Phenomenon
- 22-11. Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)
  - 22-11. Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e22-24. Sclerodactyly of the Hands in a Patient with Systemic Sclerosis
  - F - e22-25. Palmar Telangiectasia with Ulnar Deviation in a Patient with Systemic Sclerosis
- 22-12. Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Myopathies
  - 22-12. Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Myopathies
  - 22-13. Mixed Connective Tissue Disease, Overlap, & Undifferentiated Syndromes
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 22-7. Bilateral Heliotrope Rash, Which is a Pathognomonic Sign of Dermatomyositis
  - F - e22-26. Heliotrope Rash in a Patient who Has Anti-Nxp2 Dermatomyositis
  - F - e22-27. Gottron Sign (Erythematous Rash on the Extensors Surfaces of the Fingers) in a Patient with Dermatomyositis
  - T - 22-10. Myositis-Specific Antibodies
- 22-14. Sjögren Syndrome
  - 22-14. SjÃ¶gren Syndrome
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 22-15. Igg4-Related Disease
  - 22-15. Igg4-Related Disease
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 22-16. Vasculitis Syndromes
  - 22-16. Vasculitis Syndromes
  - T - 22-11. Classification Scheme of Primary Vasculitides According to Size of Predominant Blood Vessels Involved
  - T - 22-12. Typical Clinical Manifestations of Large-, Medium-, and Small-Vessel Vasculitis
- 22-17. Polymyalgia Rheumatica & Giant Cell Arteritis
  - 22-17. Polymyalgia Rheumatica & Giant Cell Arteritis
  - 22-18. Takayasu Arteritis
  - F - e22-28. Giant Cell Arteritis
- 22-19. Polyarteritis Nodosa
  - 22-19. Polyarteritis Nodosa
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 22-8. Livedo Reticularis as a Manifestation of Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome
- 22-20. Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis
  - 22-20. Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e22-29. CT Scan of a Patient with Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis Showing Left Orbital Disease with Optic Nerve Involvement
- 22-21. Microscopic Polyangiitis
  - 22-21. Microscopic Polyangiitis
  - 22-22. Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis
  - 22-23. Levamisole-Associated Purpura
  - 22-24. Cryoglobulinemia
  - 22-25. IgA Vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein Purpura)
  - 22-26. Relapsing Polychondritis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 22-27. Behçet Disease
  - 22-27. BehÃ§et Disease
  - 22-28. Primary Angiitis of the Central Nervous System
  - 22-29. Livedo Reticularis & Livedo Racemosa
  - 22-30. Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e22-30. BehÃ§et Syndrome Characterized by Recurrent Oral and Genital Ulcers in a 17-Year-Old Girl
  - F - e22-31. Severe Uveitis with Hypopyon
- 22-31. Axial Spondyloarthritis
  - 22-31. Axial Spondyloarthritis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e22-32. Acute Iridocyclitis in a Patient with Ankylosing Spondylitis
  - F - e22-33. Fusion of Bilateral Sacroiliac Joints in a Patient with Ankylosing Spondylitis
  - F - e22-34. Radiograph of the Lumbar Spine of a Different Patient, Demonstrating Shiny Corners (Romanus Lesions) (Arrows)
  - F - e22-35. Kidney, Ureter, Bladder (Kub) View Showing Bamboo Spine and Fusion of Both Sacroiliac Joints
  - F - e22-36. Anterior Spinal Ligament Calcifications and Fusion of the Lumbar Spine in a Patient with Ankylosing Spondylitis
  - F - e22-37. Anterior Spinal Ligament Calcifications and Fusion of the Cervical Spine in a Patient with Ankylosing Spondylitis
  - F - e22-38. Exuberant Osteophytes (Sometimes Termed flowing Enthesophytes or bridging Syndesmophytes) at Multiple Contiguous Levels of the Lumbar Spine in a Patient with Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH)
- 22-32. Psoriatic Arthritis
  - 22-32. Psoriatic Arthritis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e22-39. Erosions at the Distal (and Proximal) Interphalangeal Joints in a Patient with Psoriatic Arthritis
- 22-33. Reactive Arthritis
  - 22-33. Reactive Arthritis
  - 22-34. Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Associated Spondyloarthritis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 22-9. Circinate Balanitis due to Reactive Arthritis
  - F - e22-40. Acute Iridocyclitis with Hypopyon in a Patient with Reactive Arthritis
  - F - e22-41. Keratoderma Blennorrhagica of the Soles due to Reactive Arthritis
- 22-35. Nongonococcal Acute Bacterial (Septic) Arthritis
  - 22-35. Nongonococcal Acute Bacterial (Septic) Arthritis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 22-36. Gonococcal Arthritis
  - 22-36. Gonococcal Arthritis
  - 22-37. Rheumatic Manifestations of HIV Infection
  - 22-38. Viral Arthritis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 22-39. Mycotic Infections of Bones & Joints
  - 1. Candidiasis
  - 2. Coccidioidomycosis
  - 22-39. Mycotic Infections of Bones & Joints
  - 3. Histoplasmosis
- 22-40. Spinal Tuberculosis (Pott Disease)
  - 22-40. Spinal Tuberculosis (Pott Disease)
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 22-41. Tuberculous Arthritis
  - 22-41. Tuberculous Arthritis
  - 22-42. Arthritis in Sarcoidosis
  - F - e22-42. Tuberculous Osteomyelitis
- 22-43. Tumors & Tumor-Like Lesions of Bone
  - 22-43. Tumors & Tumor-Like Lesions of Bone
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e22-43. A: Plasma Cell Myeloma-Figure
  - F - e22-44. Osteosarcoma
  - F - e22-45. Ewing Sarcoma
- 22-44. Fibromyalgia
  - 22-44. Fibromyalgia
  - 22-45. Thoracic Outlet Syndromes
  - 22-46. Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
  - 22-47. Rheumatologic Manifestations of Cancer
  - 22-48. Neurogenic Arthropathy (Charcot Joint)
  - 22-49. Palindromic Rheumatism
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 22-50. Osteonecrosis (Avascular Necrosis of Bone)
  - 22-50. Osteonecrosis (Avascular Necrosis of Bone)
  - 22-51. Some Orthopedic Procedures for Arthritic Joints
  - F - e22-46. Avascular Necrosis (Avn) of the Ankle
- 22-52. Allergic & Immunologic Disorders
  - 22-52. Allergic & Immunologic Disorders
  - T - e22-4. Classification of Immunologically Mediated Hypersensitivity Reactions
- 22-53. Immediate Hypersensitivity
  - 1. Food Allergy
  - 2. Venom Allergy
  - 22-53. Immediate Hypersensitivity
  - 22-54. Allergy Testing
  - 3. Anaphylaxis
  - T - 22-13. Niaid/Faan Consensus Criteria for Anaphylaxis
- 22-55. Adverse Drug Reactions
  - 1. Drug Allergy (Ige-Mediated Immediate Hypersensitivity Reactions)
  - 2. Non-Ige-Mediated Anaphylactic Drug Reactions
  - T - e22-5. Uncommon Allergic and Pseudoallergic Conditions
- 22-56. Delayed Drug Hypersensitivity
  - 1. Drug Exanthems
  - 2. Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions (Scars)
  - 22-56. Delayed Drug Hypersensitivity
  - 3. Other Delayed Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions
- 22-57. Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders in Adults
  - 1. Selective IgA Deficiency
  - 2. Common Variable Immunodeficiency (Cvid)
  - 22-57. Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders in Adults
  - 3. Specific (Functional) Antibody Deficiency
  - 4. Immunoglobulin Subclass Deficiency
  - 5. Secondary Hypogammaglobulinemia
  - T - 22-14. Selected Primary Immunodeficiency Syndromes
  - T - e22-6. Secondary Causes of Hypogammaglobulinemia
- Part 22. Rheumatologic, Immunologic, & Allergic Disorders
Part 23. Electrolyte & Acid-Base Disorders
- 23-01. Assessment of the Patient for Electrolyte and Fluid Disorders
  - 23-01. Assessment of the Patient for Electrolyte and Fluid Disorders
  - T - 23-1. Total Body Water (as Percentage of Body Weight) in Relation to Age and Sex
- 23-02. Hyponatremia
- 23-03. Hypernatremia
  - 23-03. Hypernatremia
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 23-04. Hypokalemia
- 23-05. Hyperkalemia
- 23-07. Hypocalcemia
- 23-08. Hypercalcemia
- 23-10. Hypophosphatemia
- 23-11. Hyperphosphatemia
- 23-13. Hypomagnesemia
- 23-14. Hypermagnesemia
  - 23-14. Hypermagnesemia
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 23-15. Acid-Base Disorders
  - 23-15. Acid-Base Disorders
  - T - 23-11. Primary Acid-Base Disorders and Expected Compensation
- 23-16. Metabolic Acidosis
- 23-17. Increased Anion Gap Acidosis
  - 23-17. Increased Anion Gap Acidosis
  - T - 23-13. Common Causes and Therapy for Increased Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
- 23-18. Normal Anion Gap Acidosis
  - 23-18. Normal Anion Gap Acidosis
  - T - 23-14. Hyperchloremic, Normal Anion Gap Metabolic Acidoses
- 23-19. Metabolic Alkalosis
- 23-21. Respiratory Alkalosis
  - 23-21. Respiratory Alkalosis
  - T - 23-16. Causes of Respiratory Alkalosis
- 23-22. Fluid Management
  - 23-22. Fluid Management
  - T - 23-17. Replacement Guidelines for Sweat and Gi Fluid Losses
- Part 23. Electrolyte & Acid-Base Disorders
Part 24. Kidney Disease
- 24-01. Assessment of Kidney Disease
  - 24-01. Assessment of Kidney Disease
  - F - 24-1. A
  - F - 24-2. Complications of CKD by Stage and GFR
  - F - e24-1. Red Blood Cell Cast
  - T - 24-1. Significance of Specific Urinary Casts
  - T - 24-2. Definitions of Albuminuria/Proteinuria
  - T - e24-1. Conditions Affecting Serum Creatinine Independently of GFR
- 24-02. Imaging Studies of the Kidney
  - 24-02. Imaging Studies of the Kidney
  - 24-03. Kidney Biopsy
  - F - e24-2. Hydronephrosis
- 24-04. Acute Kidney Injury
  - 24-04. Acute Kidney Injury
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - T - 24-3. Classification and Differential Diagnosis of Aki
- 24-05. Acute Tubular Necrosis
  - 24-05. Acute Tubular Necrosis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 24-06. Rhabdomyolysis
  - 24-06. Rhabdomyolysis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 24-07. Interstitial Nephritis
  - 24-07. Interstitial Nephritis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - T - 24-4. Causes of Acute Tubulointerstitial Nephritis (Abbreviated List)
- 24-08. Glomerulonephritis
  - 24-08. Glomerulonephritis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 24-09. Covid-19 & The Kidney
  - 24-09. Covid-19 & The Kidney
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 24-10. Cardiorenal Syndrome
  - 24-10. Cardiorenal Syndrome
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 24-11. Chronic Kidney Disease
  - 24-11. Chronic Kidney Disease
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 24-3. Mineral Abnormalities of CKD
  - F - e24-3. Spectrum of PTH-Mediated Bone Disease
  - T - 24-5. Stages of CKD: a Clinical Action Plan
  - T - 24-6. Causes of CKD
  - T - 24-7. Reversible Causes of Kidney Injury
  - T - e24-2. Symptoms and Signs of Uremia
- 24-12. Renal Artery Stenosis
  - 24-12. Renal Artery Stenosis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 24-13. Glomerular Diseases
  - 24-13. Glomerular Diseases
  - F - 24-4. Glomerular Diseases Present Within One of the Clinical Spectra Shown; the Exact Presentation is Determined by the Severity of the Underlying Disease and the Pattern of Injury
  - T - 24-8. Classification and Findings in Glomerulonephritis: Nephritic Spectrum Presentations
  - T - 24-9. Classification and Findings in Glomerulonephritis: Nephrotic Spectrum Presentations
- 24-14. Nephritic Spectrum Glomerular Diseases
  - 1. Immune Complex Glomerulonephritis: Infection-Related & Postinfectious Glomerulonephritis
  - 2. Immune Complex Glomerulonephritis: Iga Nephropathy
  - 3. Immune Complex Glomerulonephritis: Iga Vasculitis (Henoch-SchÃ¶nlein Purpura)
  - 4. Immune Complex Glomerulonephritis: Cryoglobulin-Associated Glomerulonephritis
  - 5. Immune Complex Glomerulonephritis: Lupus Nephritis
  - 6. Pauci-Immune Glomerulonephritis (ANCA-Associated)
  - 7. Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Glomerulonephritis & Goodpasture Syndrome
  - 8. C3 Glomerulopathies
  - 9. Monoclonal Immunoglobulin Glomerulonephritis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e24-10. Pauci-Immune Crescentic Glomerulonephritis
  - F - e24-11. Immunofluorescence of Anti-GBM Nephritis
  - F - e24-12. Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (Mpgn)
  - F - e24-13. Electron Microscopy of Mpgn
  - F - e24-4. Post-Infectious Acute Glomerulonephritis
  - F - e24-5. Subepithelial Deposits in Acute Post-Infectious Glomerulonephritis
  - F - e24-6. IgA Nephropathy-Figure
  - F - e24-7. Proliferative Lupus Nephritis
  - F - e24-8. Immunofluorescence in Lupus Nephritis
  - F - e24-9. Pauci-Immune Glomerulonephritis
- 24-15. Nephrotic Spectrum Glomerular Diseases
  - 24-15. Nephrotic Spectrum Glomerular Diseases
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 24-16. Minimal Change Disease
  - 24-16. Minimal Change Disease
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e24-14. Electron Microscopy of Minimal Change Disease
- 24-17. Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (Fsgs)
  - 24-17. Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (Fsgs)
  - F - e24-15. Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (Fsgs)
- 24-18. Membranous Nephropathy
  - 24-18. Membranous Nephropathy
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e24-16. Membranous Nephropathy
  - F - e24-17. Immunofluorescence of Membranous Nephropathy
- 24-19. Diabetic Nephropathy
  - 24-19. Diabetic Nephropathy
  - 24-20. HIV-Associated Nephropathy
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e24-18. Diabetic Nephropathy
- 24-21. Renal Amyloidosis
  - 24-21. Renal Amyloidosis
  - 24-22. Tubulointerstitial Diseases
  - F - e24-19. Amyloidosis
- 24-23. Chronic Tubulointerstitial Diseases
  - 24-23. Chronic Tubulointerstitial Diseases
  - 24-24. Cystic Diseases of the Kidney
  - 24-25. Simple or Solitary Cysts
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - T - 24-10. Clinical Features of Renal Cystic Disease
- 24-26. Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
  - 24-26. Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
  - 24-27. Medullary Sponge Kidney
  - 24-28. Juvenile Nephronophthisis-Medullary Cystic Disease
  - 24-29. Plasma Cell Myeloma
  - 24-30. Sickle Cell Disease
  - 24-31. Renal Manifestations of Tuberculosis
  - 24-32. Gout & The Kidney
  - 24-33. Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis
  - 24-34. The Kidney & Aging
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e24-20. Ultrasonogram of Polycystic Kidney Disease
  - F - e24-21. CT Scan of Polycystic Kidney Disease
- Part 24. Kidney Disease
Part 25. Urologic Disorders
- 25-01. Urologic Evaluation
- 25-02. Hematuria
- 25-03. Genitourinary Tract Infections
- 25-04. Interstitial Cystitis
  - 25-04. Interstitial Cystitis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 25-05. Urinary Stone Disease
- 25-06. Male Sexual Dysfunction & Erectile Dysfunction
  - 25-06. Male Sexual Dysfunction & Erectile Dysfunction
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 25-07. Male Infertility
- 25-08. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
- Part 25. Urologic Disorders
Part 26. Nervous System Disorders
- 26-01. Headache
  - 1. Migraine
  - 2. Tension-Type Headache
  - 26-01. Headache
  - 3. Cluster Headache
  - 4. Posttraumatic Headache
  - 5. Primary Cough Headache
  - 6. Headache Due to Giant Cell (Temporal or Cranial) Arteritis
  - 7. Headache Due to Intracranial Mass Lesion
  - 8. Medication Overuse (Analgesic Rebound) Headache
  - 9. Headache Due to Other Neurologic Causes
  - T - 26-1. Pharmacologic Prophylaxis of Migraine (Listed in Alphabetical Order Within Classes)
- 26-02. Facial Pain
  - 1. Trigeminal Neuralgia
  - 2. Atypical Facial Pain
  - 3. Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia
  - 4. Postherpetic Neuralgia
  - 5. Facial Pain Due to Other Causes
- 26-03. Epilepsy
  - 26-03. Epilepsy
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - T - 26-2. Approved Indications for Antiseizure Medications (Listed in Alphabetical Order Within Seizure Type or Epilepsy Syndrome)
  - T - 26-3. Medication Treatment for Seizures in Adults (Listed in Alphabetical Order)
- 26-04. Dysautonomia
  - 26-04. Dysautonomia
  - 26-05. Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (Pots)
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 26-06. Sensory Disturbances
  - 26-06. Sensory Disturbances
  - F - e26-1. Sensory Pathways Conveying Touch, Pressure, Vibration, Joint Position, Pain, and Temperature Sensation
- 26-07. Weakness & Paralysis
  - 26-07. Weakness & Paralysis
  - F - e26-2. Schematic Illustration of Upper Motor Neuron Pathways
- 26-08. Transient Ischemic Attacks
  - 26-08. Transient Ischemic Attacks
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 26-09. Stroke
  - 1. Lacunar Infarction
  - 2. Cerebral Infarction
  - 3. Intracerebral Hemorrhage
  - 4. Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
  - 5. Intracranial Aneurysm
  - 6. Arteriovenous Malformations
  - 7. Intracranial Venous Thrombosis
  - 8. Spinal Cord Vascular Diseases
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e26-3. CT Scan in Hypertensive Intracerebral Hemorrhage
  - F - e26-4. Acute Left Mca Infarct on MRI of a 65-Year-Old Hypertensive Man
  - F - e26-5. Noncontrast CT Image of a Subacute Left Middle Cerebral Artery Infarct (Arrows)
  - F - e26-6. CT Angiogram Demonstrating Right Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion (Arrow)
  - T - 26-4. Features of the Major Stroke Subtypes
- 26-10. Intracranial & Spinal Mass Lesions
  - 1. Primary Intracranial Tumors
  - 2. Metastatic Intracranial Tumors
  - 3. Intracranial Mass Lesions In Patients With AIDS
  - 4. Primary & Metastatic Spinal Tumors
  - 5. Brain Abscess
  - T - 26-5. Primary Intracranial Tumors (Listed by Major Histology Grouping and by Incidence Within Each Group)
- 26-11. Nonmetastatic Neurologic Complications of Malignant Disease
  - 26-11. Nonmetastatic Neurologic Complications of Malignant Disease
  - T - 26-6. Autoimmune Paraneoplastic Disorders and Their Associated Antibodies and Tumors (Listed in Alphabetical Order)
- 26-12. Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (Pseudotumor Cerebri)
  - 26-12. Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (Pseudotumor Cerebri)
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e26-7. Papilledema from Increased Intracranial Pressure
- 26-13. Selected Neurocutaneous Diseases
  - 1. Tuberous Sclerosis
  - 2. Neurofibromatosis
  - 26-13. Selected Neurocutaneous Diseases
  - 3. Sturge-Weber Syndrome
  - F - e26-10. Close-Up of Neurofibromas on the Back of a 44-Year-Old Man
  - F - e26-11. Large CafÃ© Au Lait Spot on the Back of the Same Man
  - F - e26-12. Close-Up of Axillary Freckling (Crow Sign) with Large CafÃ© Au Lait on Arm of Same Man
  - F - e26-8. Neurofibromatosis-Figure
  - F - e26-9. Neurofibromatosis-Figure in a 62-Year-Old Woman
- 26-14. Movement Disorders
  - 1. Essential (Familial) Tremor
  - 10. Gilles De LA Tourette Syndrome
  - 2. Parkinson Disease
  - 26-14. Movement Disorders
  - 3. Huntington Disease
  - 4. Idiopathic Torsion Dystonia
  - 5. Focal Torsion Dystonia
  - 6. Myoclonus
  - 7. Wilson Disease
  - 8. Drug-Induced Abnormal Movements
  - 9. Restless Legs Syndrome
- 26-15. Dementia
  - 26-15. Dementia
  - 26-16. Wernicke Encephalopathy & Korsakoff Syndrome
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - T - 26-7. Common Causes of Age-Related Dementia (Listed by Prevalence)
- 26-17. Stupor & Coma
  - 1. Stupor & Coma Due to Structural Lesions
  - 2. Stupor & Coma Due to Metabolic Disturbances
  - 3. Brain Death
  - 4. Persistent Vegetative State
  - 5. Minimally Conscious State
  - 6. Locked-In Syndrome (De-Efferented State)
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 26-18. Head Injury
  - 26-18. Head Injury
  - T - 26-8. Glasgow Coma Scale
  - T - 26-9. Acute Cerebral Sequelae of Head Injury (Listed in Alphabetical Order)
- 26-19. Multiple Sclerosis
  - 26-19. Multiple Sclerosis
  - 26-20. Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder
  - 26-21. Vitamin E Deficiency
  - 26-22. Spasticity
  - 26-23. Myelopathies in AIDS
  - 26-24. Myelopathy of Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Infection
  - 26-25. Subacute Combined Degeneration of the Spinal Cord
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e26-13. Bilateral Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia due to Multiple Sclerosis
  - F - e26-14. Axial Brain MRI in a Patient with Multiple Sclerosis Demonstrating Simultaneous Active Lesions with Gadolinium Enhancement (Long Arrows) and Old Lesions Without Enhancement (Short Arrows), Reflecting Lesions of Different Age, Ie, a Dissemination in Time
  - F - e26-15. Sagittal Brain MRI in the Same Patient with Multiple Sclerosis Showing Multiple Lesions at Different Levels of the Nervous System
  - T - 26-10. Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis (in Alphabetical Order Within Categories)
- 26-26. Spinal Trauma
  - 26-26. Spinal Trauma
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e26-16. Brown-SÃ©quard Syndrome with Lesion at Left Tenth Thoracic Level (Motor Deficits not Shown)
- 26-27. Syringomyelia
  - 26-27. Syringomyelia
  - 26-28. Degenerative Motor Neuron Diseases
  - 26-29. Peripheral Neuropathies
  - F - e26-17. Syringomyelia (Cavitation in the Central Spinal Cord, Presenting Clinically with Pain and Paresthesias Followed by Muscular Atrophy of the Hands) Involving the Cervicothoracic Portion of the Cord
- 26-30. Polyneuropathies & Mononeuritis Multiplex
  - 1. Inherited Neuropathies
  - 2. Neuropathies Associated With Systemic & Metabolic Disorders
  - 3. Neuropathies Associated With Infectious & Inflammatory Diseases
  - 4. Neuropathy Associated With Critical Illness
  - 5. Toxic Neuropathies
  - 6. Neuropathies Associated With Malignant Diseases
  - 7. Acute Idiopathic Polyneuropathy (Guillain-BarrÃ© Syndrome)
  - 8. Chronic Inflammatory Polyneuropathy
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 26-31. Mononeuropathies
  - 1. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
  - 2. Pronator Teres or Anterior Interosseous Syndrome
  - 3. Ulnar Nerve Lesions
  - 4. Radial Nerve Lesions
  - 5. Femoral Neuropathy
  - 6. Meralgia Paresthetica
  - 7. Sciatic & Fibular (Common Peroneal) Nerve Palsies
  - 8. Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 26-32. Bell Palsy
  - 26-32. Bell Palsy
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 26-1. Left-Sided Lower Motor Neuron Pattern Facial Weakness (due to Bell Palsy)
- 26-33. Discogenic Neck Pain
  - 1. Acute Cervical Disk Protrusion
  - 2. Cervical Spondylosis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 26-2. Cutaneous Innervation
- 26-34. Brachial & Lumbar Plexus Lesions
  - 1. Brachial Plexus Neuropathy
  - 2. Cervical Rib Syndrome
  - 3. Lumbosacral Plexus Lesions
- 26-35. Disorders of Neuromuscular Transmission
  - 1. Myasthenia Gravis
  - 2. Myasthenic Syndrome (Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome)
  - 26-35. Disorders of Neuromuscular Transmission
  - 3. Botulism
  - 4. Disorders Associated With Use of Aminoglycosides
  - F - e26-18. Pathogenesis of Myasthenia Gravis
- 26-36. Myopathic Disorders
  - 1. Muscular Dystrophies
  - 10. Toxic Myopathies
  - 2. Myotonic Dystrophy
  - 26-37. Periodic Paralysis Syndromes
  - 3. Myotonia Congenita
  - 4. Mitochondrial Myopathies
  - 5. Acid Maltase Deficiency (Pompe Disease)
  - 6. Dermatomyositis, Anti-Synthetase Syndromes, Immune-Mediated Necrotizing Myopathies, & Polymyositis
  - 7. Inclusion Body Myositis
  - 8. Endocrine Myopathies
  - 9. Critical Illness Myopathy
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - T - 26-11. Selected Muscular Dystrophies
- Part 26. Nervous System Disorders
Part 27. Psychiatric Disorders
- 27-01. Psychiatric Assessment
- 27-03. Psychiatric Adjustment Disorders
- 27-05. Anxiety Disorders
- 27-06. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder & Related Disorders
  - 27-06. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder & Related Disorders
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 27-07. Somatic Symptom Disorders (Abnormal Illness Behaviors)
  - 27-07. Somatic Symptom Disorders (Abnormal Illness Behaviors)
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 27-08. Chronic Pain Disorders
- 27-10. Personality Disorders
- 27-11. Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders
- 27-12. Mood Disorders (Depression & Mania)
- 27-13. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
  - 27-13. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 27-14. Autism Spectrum Disorders
  - 27-14. Autism Spectrum Disorders
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 27-15. Sleep-Wake Disorders
- 27-18. Alcohol Use Disorder (Alcoholism)
- 27-19. Other Drug & Substance Use Disorders
- 27-20. Neurocognitive Disorders
- Part 27. Psychiatric Disorders
Part 28. Endocrine Disorders
- 28-01. Anterior Hypopituitarism
  - 28-01. Anterior Hypopituitarism
  - 28-02. Central Diabetes Insipidus
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 28-03. Acromegaly & Gigantism
  - 28-03. Acromegaly & Gigantism
  - F - e28-1. Markedly Increased Soft Tissue Bulk and Blunt Fingers in a Middle-Aged Man with Acromegaly
  - F - e28-2. Enlarged Sella Turcica with Frontal Bossing
- 28-04. Hyperprolactinemia
  - 28-04. Hyperprolactinemia
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e28-3. Coronal MRI Showing Large Pituitary Adenoma Elevating and Distorting the Optic Chiasm
  - T - 28-1. Causes of Hyperprolactinemia
- 28-05. Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas
  - 28-05. Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas
  - 28-06. Diseases of the Thyroid Gland: Thyroid Testing
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 28-07. Thyroiditis
  - 28-07. Thyroiditis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 28-08. Hypothyroidism & Myxedema
  - 28-08. Hypothyroidism & Myxedema
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e28-4. Hypothyroidism in Adult (Myxedema)
  - T - 28-2. Appropriate Use of Thyroid Tests
  - T - 28-3. Factors that May Cause Aberrations in Laboratory Tests that May be Mistaken for Primary Hypothyroidism
- 28-09. Hyperthyroidism (Thyrotoxicosis)
  - 28-09. Hyperthyroidism (Thyrotoxicosis)
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e28-5. Pretibial Myxedema
  - F - e28-6. Onycholysis (Separation of the Nail from its Bed) in Graves Disease Usually Resolves Spontaneously as the Patient Improves
  - T - 28-4. Factors that Can Cause Aberration Laboratory Tests for Hyperthyroidism
  - T - 28-5. Medications for the Treatment of Hyperthyroidism
- 28-10. Thyroid Eye Disease
  - 28-10. Thyroid Eye Disease
  - F - e28-10. CT Scan of Thyroid Eye Disease (Graves Ophthalmopathy)-Figure
  - F - e28-7. Severe Ophthalmopathy of Graves Disease
  - F - e28-8. Thyroid Eye Disease (Graves Ophthalmopathy)-Figure
  - F - e28-9. Thyroid Eye Disease
- 28-11. Thyroid Nodules & Multinodular Goiter
  - 28-11. Thyroid Nodules & Multinodular Goiter
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - T - 28-6. Clinical Evaluation of Thyroid Nodules
- 28-12. Thyroid Cancer
  - 28-12. Thyroid Cancer
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - T - 28-7. Some Characteristics of Thyroid Cancer
  - T - 28-8. Staging and Prognosis for Patients with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Using Macis Scoring
- 28-13. Iodine Deficiency Disorder & Endemic Goiter
  - 28-13. Iodine Deficiency Disorder & Endemic Goiter
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 28-14. Diseases of the Parathyroids
  - 28-14. Diseases of the Parathyroids
  - F - e28-11. Main Actions of PTH and 1,25-(OH)2D in the Maintenance of Calcium and Phosphate Homeostasis
- 28-15. Hypoparathyroidism & Pseudohypoparathyroidism
  - 28-15. Hypoparathyroidism & Pseudohypoparathyroidism
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e28-12. Position of Fingers in Carpal Spasm due to Hypocalcemic Tetany
  - F - e28-13. Metastatic Calcification of the Globus Pallidus and Cerebellum
  - F - e28-14. Hands of Patient with Pseudohypoparathyroidism
  - T - 28-9. Vitamin D Preparations Used in the Treatment of Hypoparathyroidism
- 28-16. Hyperparathyroidism
  - 28-16. Hyperparathyroidism
  - 28-17. Metabolic Bone Disease
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e28-15. Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica with Resorption of the Distal Phalanges
  - F - e28-16. Radiographs of Index Finger of a Patient before (Left) and after (Right) Plasma Phosphate Was Reduced to Normal with Aluminum Hydroxide Gel and 6 Months of Dialysis Against a Bath of 8 mg/dL Calcium
  - F - e28-17. Parathyroid Hormone and Calcium Nomogram
- 28-18. Osteopenia
  - 28-18. Osteopenia
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 28-19. Osteoporosis
  - 28-19. Osteoporosis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - T - 28-10. Causes of Osteoporosis
- 28-20. Rickets & Osteomalacia
  - 28-20. Rickets & Osteomalacia
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - T - 28-11. Causes of Osteomalacia
- 28-21. Paget Disease of Bone (Osteitis Deformans)
  - 28-21. Paget Disease of Bone (Osteitis Deformans)
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e28-18. Bone Scan of Patient with Severe Paget Disease of the Skull, Ribs, Spine, Pelvis, Right Femur, and Acetabulum
- 28-22. Primary Adrenal Insufficiency (Addison Disease)
  - 28-22. Primary Adrenal Insufficiency (Addison Disease)
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 28-23. Cushing Syndrome (Hypercortisolism)
  - 28-23. Cushing Syndrome (Hypercortisolism)
  - 28-24. Primary Aldosteronism
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e28-19. Typical Findings in Cushing Syndrome
  - F - e28-20. Axillary Pigmented Striae of Cushing Syndrome Preoperatively
- 28-25. Pheochromocytoma & Paraganglioma
  - 28-25. Pheochromocytoma & Paraganglioma
  - 28-26. Incidentally Discovered Adrenal Masses
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e28-21. A: Left Infrarenal Pheochromocytoma Shown by CT Scanning
  - T - e28-1. Clinical Manifestations of Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma
  - T - e28-2. Factors that Can Cause Misleading Catecholamine or Metanephrine Results
- 28-27. Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (GEP-NETs) & Carcinoid Tumors
  - 28-27. Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (GEP-NETs) & Carcinoid Tumors
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e28-22. Necrolytic Migratory Erythema
- 28-28. MEN Types 1-4
  - 1. MEN 1
  - 2. MEN 2 (Formerly MEN 2A)
  - 28-29. Other Syndromes of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia
  - 3. MEN 3 (Formerly MEN 2B)
  - 4. MEN 4
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - T - 28-12. Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN) Syndromes: Incidence of Tumor Types
- 28-30. Male Hypogonadism
  - 28-30. Male Hypogonadism
  - 28-31. Cryptorchism
  - F - e28-23. Boy, 15-Years-Old with Kallmann Syndrome
  - F - e28-24. Klinefelter Syndrome in a 20-Year-Old Man
  - T - 28-13. Causes of Male Hypogonadism
  - T - 28-14. Topical Testosterone Formulations and Recommended Daily Doses
- 28-32. Gynecomastia
  - 28-32. Gynecomastia
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - T - 28-15. Causes of Gynecomastia
- 28-33. Hirsutism & Virilization
  - 28-33. Hirsutism & Virilization
  - 28-34. Primary Amenorrhea
  - 28-35. Secondary Amenorrhea
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 28-36. Menopause
  - 28-36. Menopause
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e28-25. Patterns Formed When Cervical Mucus is Smeared on a Slide, Permitted to Dry, and Examined Under the Microscope
- 28-37. Turner Syndrome (Gonadal Dysgenesis)
  - 1. Classic Turner Syndrome (45,XO Gonadal Dysgenesis)
  - 2. Turner Syndrome Variants
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - T - 28-16. Manifestations of Turner Syndrome
- 28-38. Clinical Use of Corticosteroids
  - 28-38. Clinical Use of Corticosteroids
  - T - 28-17. Management of Patients Receiving Systemic Corticosteroids
  - T - e28-3. Systemic Versus Topical Activity of Corticosteroids
- Part 28. Endocrine Disorders
Part 29. Diabetes Mellitus & Hypoglycemia
- 29-01. Diabetes Mellitus
- 29-02. Diabetic Coma
  - 29-02. Diabetic Coma
  - T - 29-10. Laboratory Diagnosis of Diabetic Coma
- 29-03. Diabetic Ketoacidosis
  - 29-03. Diabetic Ketoacidosis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 29-04. Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar State
  - 29-04. Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar State
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 29-05. Lactic Acidosis
  - 29-05. Lactic Acidosis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 29-06. The Hypoglycemic States
  - 29-06. The Hypoglycemic States
  - T - 29-11. Common Causes of Hypoglycemia in Adults
- 29-07. Hypoglycemia Due to Pancreatic B Cell Tumors
- 29-09. Postprandial Hypoglycemia
- Part 29. Diabetes Mellitus & Hypoglycemia
Part 30. Lipid Disorders
- 30-01. Overview: Lipid Disorders
- 30-02. Lipids & Lipoproteins
- 30-06. Secondary Conditions that Affect Lipid Metabolism
  - 30-06. Secondary Conditions that Affect Lipid Metabolism
  - T - e30-1. Secondary Causes of Lipid Abnormalities
- 30-07. Lipid Disorders: Clinical Presentations
- 30-08. Screening & Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol
- 30-09. Treatment of High LDL Cholesterol
- Part 30. Lipid Disorders
Part 31. Nutrition, Nutritional Disorders, & Obesity
- 31-01. Nutritional Requirements
- 31-02. Assessment of Nutritional Status
- 31-03. Protein-Energy Malnutrition
  - 31-03. Protein-Energy Malnutrition
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 31-04. Obesity
- 31-05. Anorexia Nervosa
  - 31-05. Anorexia Nervosa
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 31-06. Bulimia Nervosa
- 31-15. Vitamin B6 Toxicity
- 31-27. Indications for Nutritional Support
- 31-29. Enteral Nutritional Support Solutions
- 31-32. Complications of Parenteral Nutritional Support
- Part 31. Nutrition, Nutritional Disorders, & Obesity
Part 32. Common Problems in Infectious Diseases & Antimicrobial Therapy
- 32-01. Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO)
  - 32-01. Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO)
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 32-02. Infections in the Immunocompromised Patient
  - 32-02. Infections in the Immunocompromised Patient
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 32-03. Health Care-Associated Infections
- 32-04. Infections of the Central Nervous System
- 32-05. Animal & Human Bite Wounds
  - 32-05. Animal & Human Bite Wounds
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 32-06. Sexually Transmitted Diseases
  - 32-06. Sexually Transmitted Diseases
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 32-07. Infections in Persons Who Inject Drugs
  - 32-07. Infections in Persons Who Inject Drugs
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 32-08. Acute Infectious Diarrhea
- 32-09. Infectious Diseases in the Returning Traveler
  - 32-09. Infectious Diseases in the Returning Traveler
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 32-10. Traveler's Diarrhea
  - 32-10. Traveler's Diarrhea
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 32-11. Selected Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy
- 32-14. Recommended Immunization for Adults
- 32-16. Vaccine Safety
  - 32-16. Vaccine Safety
  - T - 32-8. Adverse Effects and Contraindications to Commonly Used Vaccines in Adults (Listed in Alphabetical Order)
- Part 32. Common Problems in Infectious Diseases & Antimicrobial Therapy
Part 33. HIV Infection & AIDS
- 33-01. Overview: HIV Infection & AIDS
- 33-02. HIV Infection & AIDS: Clinical Findings
- 33-04. HIV Infection & AIDS: Complications
- 33-05. HIV Infection & AIDS: Prevention
- 33-06. HIV Infection & AIDS: Treatment
- Part 33. HIV Infection & AIDS
Part 34. Viral & Rickettsial Infections
- 34-01. Overview: Viral & Rickettsial Infections
- 34-02. Human Herpesviruses
- 34-03. Major Vaccine-Preventable Viral Infections
- 34-04. Other Neurotropic Viruses
- 34-05. Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers
- 34-06. Other Systemic Viral Diseases
- 34-07. Common Viral Respiratory Infections
- 34-09. Poxviruses & Other Exanthematous Viral Infections
- 34-11. Enteroviruses that Produce Several Syndromes
- 34-12. Typhus Group
- 34-13. Spotted Fevers
- 34-14. Other Rickettsial & Rickettsial-Like Diseases
- Part 34. Viral & Rickettsial Infections
Part 35. Bacterial & Chlamydial Infections
- 35-01. Streptococcal Infections
  - 1. Acute Rheumatic Fever & Scarlet Fever
  - 2. Streptococcal Skin Infections
  - 3. Necrotizing Fasciitis
  - 35-01. Streptococcal Infections
  - 35-02. Enterococcal Infections
  - 4. Other Group A Streptococcal Infections
  - 5. Non-Group A Streptococcal Infections
  - F - 35-1. Erysipelas of the Face with Edema, Bright Red Erythema, and Serosanguineous Discharge from the Severely Swollen Cheek
  - F - e35-1. Scarlet Fever
  - F - e35-2. Necrotizing Fasciitis (Early)
  - F - e35-3. Necrotizing Fasciitis (Advanced)
  - F - e35-4. Cellulitis and Abscess of the Finger
  - F - e35-5. Cellulitis in a Man with Venous Stasis Dermatitis
  - T - 35-1. Treatment of Common Skin and Soft Tissue Infections (SSTIs)
- 35-03. Pneumococcal Infections
  - 1. Pneumococcal Pneumonia
  - 2. Pneumococcal Meningitis
  - 35-03. Pneumococcal Infections
- 35-04. Staphylococcus Aureus Infections
  - 1. Skin & Soft Tissue Infections
  - 2. Osteomyelitis
  - 3. Staphylococcal Bacteremia
  - 4. Toxic Shock Syndrome
  - 5. Infections Caused By Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci
  - F - 35-2. Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) Abscess on the Back of the Neck
  - F - 35-3. Marked Desquamation due to Toxic Shock Syndrome, Which Develops Late in the Disease
  - F - e35-6. Furuncle in a Woman
  - F - e35-7. Large Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) Abscess on the Leg in a 62-Year-Old Man Beginning to Drain Spontaneously
- 35-05. Clostridial Diseases
  - 1. Clostridial Myonecrosis (Gas Gangrene)
  - 2. Clostridium Sordellii Toxic Shock Syndrome
  - 3. Tetanus
  - 4. Botulism
  - T - 35-2. Guide to Tetanus Prophylaxis in Wound Management
- 35-06. Anthrax
  - 35-06. Anthrax
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e35-8. Large Cutaneous Lesion on the Left Forearm Caused by Cutaneous Anthrax
  - T - e35-1. Antimicrobial Agents for Treatment of Anthrax or for Prophylaxis Against Anthrax
- 35-07. Diphtheria
  - 35-07. Diphtheria
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 35-08. Listeriosis
  - 35-08. Listeriosis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 35-09. Infective Endocarditis
  - 35-09. Infective Endocarditis
  - 35-10. Bordetella Pertussis Infection (Whooping Cough)
  - 35-11. Other Bordetella Infections
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 35-4. Splinter Hemorrhages Appearing as Red Lineal Streaks Under the Nail Plate and Within the Nail Bed, in Endocarditis, Psoriasis-Figure, and Trauma
  - F - e35-10. Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis
  - F - e35-11. Infective Endocarditis: White-Centered Retinal Hemorrhages (Roth Spots)
  - F - e35-12. Infective Endocarditis: Subconjunctival Hemorrhages
  - F - e35-13. Infective Endocarditis: Janeway Lesions
  - F - e35-9. Large Vegetations of the Mitral Valve Leaflets from Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis
- 35-12. Meningococcal Meningitis
  - 35-12. Meningococcal Meningitis
  - 35-13. Infections Caused by Haemophilus Species
  - 35-14. Infections Caused by Moraxella Catarrhalis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 35-15. Legionnaires Disease
  - 35-15. Legionnaires Disease
  - 35-16. Gram-Negative Bacteremia & Sepsis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 35-17. Salmonellosis
  - 1. Enteric Fever (Typhoid Fever)
  - 2. Salmonella Gastroenteritis
  - 3. Salmonella Bacteremia
  - 35-17. Salmonellosis
- 35-18. Shigellosis
  - 35-18. Shigellosis
  - 35-19. Gastroenteritis Caused by Escherichia Coli
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 35-20. Cholera
  - 35-20. Cholera
  - 35-21. Infections Caused by Other Vibrio Species
  - 35-22. Infections Caused by Campylobacter Species
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 35-23. Brucellosis
  - 35-23. Brucellosis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 35-24. Tularemia
  - 35-24. Tularemia
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 35-25. Plague
  - 35-25. Plague
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 35-26. Gonococcal Infections
  - 35-26. Gonococcal Infections
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 35-27. Chancroid
  - 35-27. Chancroid
  - 35-28. Granuloma Inguinale
  - 35-29. Bartonella Species
  - 35-30. Elizabethkingia Species
  - F - e35-14. Chancroid
- 35-31. Anaerobic Infections
  - 1. Head & Neck Infections
  - 2. Chest Infections
  - 3. Central Nervous System
  - 35-31. Anaerobic Infections
  - 4. Intra-Abdominal Infections
  - 5. Female Genital Tract & Pelvic Infections
  - 6. Bacteremia & Endocarditis
  - 7. Skin & Soft Tissue Infections
  - F - 35-5. Left Foot Gangrene, with Plantar Extension
  - T - 35-3. Treatment of Anaerobic Intra-Abdominal Infections
- 35-32. Actinomycosis
  - 35-32. Actinomycosis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 35-33. Nocardiosis
  - 35-33. Nocardiosis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 35-34. Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Diseases
  - 1. Pulmonary Infections
  - 2. Lymphadenitis
  - 3. Skin & Soft Tissue Infections
  - 35-34. Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Diseases
  - 35-35. Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infections
  - 4. Disseminated Mycobacterium Avium Infection
- 35-36. Tuberculous Meningitis
  - 35-36. Tuberculous Meningitis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 35-37. Leprosy (Hansen Disease)
  - 35-37. Leprosy (Hansen Disease)
  - 35-38. Infections Caused by Chlamydiae
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e35-15. Leprosy
- 35-39. Chlamydia Trachomatis Infections
  - 1. Lymphogranuloma Venereum
  - 2. Chlamydial Urethritis & Cervicitis
  - F - e35-16. Lymphogranuloma Venereum-Figure (Lgv)
- 35-40. Chlamydophila Psittaci & Psittacosis (Ornithosis)
  - 35-40. Chlamydophila Psittaci & Psittacosis (Ornithosis)
  - 35-41. Chlamydia Pneumoniae Infection
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- Part 35. Bacterial & Chlamydial Infections
Part 36. Spirochetal Infections
- 36-01. Syphilis: Natural History & Principles of Diagnosis & Treatment
- 36-03. Clinical Stages of Syphilis
- 36-10. Leptospirosis
  - 36-10. Leptospirosis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 36-11. Lyme Disease (Lyme Borreliosis)
- Part 36. Spirochetal Infections
Part 37. Protozoal & Helminthic Infections
- 37-01. African Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping Sickness)
  - 37-01. African Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping Sickness)
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e37-1. Life Cycle of Trypanosoma Brucei Gambiense
  - T - 37-1. Treatment of African Trypanosomiasis
- 37-02. American Trypanosomiasis (Chagas Disease)
  - 37-02. American Trypanosomiasis (Chagas Disease)
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e37-2. Life Cycle of Trypanosoma Cruzi
  - F - e37-3. Romachr(241)a Sign
  - F - e37-4. Thinning of the Ventricular Apex in a Chagasic Heart
  - F - e37-5. Barium Swallows Showing Different Grades of Megaesophagus in a Patient with Chagas Disease
  - F - e37-6. Trypanosoma Cruzi Trypomastigote in a Thin Blood Smear Stained with Giemsa
- 37-03. Leishmaniasis
  - 37-03. Leishmaniasis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 37-1. Skin Ulcer due to Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
  - F - e37-7. Life Cycle of Leishmaniasis
- 37-04. Malaria
  - 37-04. Malaria
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 37-2. Thin Film Giemsa-Stained Micrograph with Plasmodium Falciparum Ring Forms
  - F - e37-10. Thin Film Giemsa-Stained Micrograph with Plasmodium Malariae Trophozoite
  - F - e37-11. Thin Film Giemsa-Stained Micrograph with Plasmodium Vivax Schizont
  - F - e37-12. Thin Film Giemsa-Stained Micrograph with Plasmodium Ovale Trophozoite
  - F - e37-8. Morphologic Characteristics of Developmental Stages of Malarial Parasites in the RBC
  - F - e37-9. Life Cycle of Plasmodium
  - Prevention
  - T - 37-2. WHO Recommendations for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Falciparum Malaria
  - T - 37-3. Treatment of Malaria
  - T - 37-4. Drugs for the Prevention of Malaria in Travelers
  - T - e37-1. Major Antimalarial Drugs
- 37-05. Babesiosis
  - 37-05. Babesiosis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e37-13. Blood Smear Showing Babesia Spp
- 37-06. Toxoplasmosis
  - 37-06. Toxoplasmosis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e37-14. Life Cycle of Toxoplasma Gondii
  - Prevention
- 37-07. Amebiasis
  - 37-07. Amebiasis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e37-15. Life Cycle of Entamoeba Histolytica
  - F - e37-16. Trophozoites of Entamoeba Histolytica with Ingested Erythrocytes Stained with Trichrome
  - F - e37-17. Gross Pathology Showing Intestinal Ulcers due to Amebiasis
  - T - 37-5. Treatment of E Histolytica Amebiasis
- 37-08. Infections with Pathogenic Free-Living Amoebas
  - 1. Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis
  - 2. Granulomatous Amebic Encephalitis
  - 3. Acanthamoeba Keratitis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 37-09. Coccidiosis (Cryptosporidiosis, Isosporiasis, Cyclosporiasis, Sarcocystosis) & Microsporidiosis
  - 37-09. Coccidiosis (Cryptosporidiosis, Isosporiasis, Cyclosporiasis, Sarcocystosis) & Microsporidiosis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - Prevention
- 37-10. Giardiasis
  - 37-10. Giardiasis
  - 37-11. Other Intestinal Flagellate Infections
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e37-18. Life Cycle of Giardia Lamblia
  - F - e37-19. Giardia Lamblia Trophozoite: Giardia Duodenalis Trophozoites in Kohn Stain
  - Prevention
- 37-12. Trichomoniasis
  - 37-12. Trichomoniasis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 37-13. Schistosomiasis (Bilharziasis)
  - 37-13. Schistosomiasis (Bilharziasis)
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e37-20. Life Cycle of Schistosoma
  - F - e37-21. Schistosoma Eggs
  - F - e37-22. Multiple Nodular Filling Defects in the Bladder of a Patient with Schistosoma Haematobium
  - Prevention
- 37-14. Fascioliasis
  - 37-14. Fascioliasis
  - F - e37-23. Life Cycles of Fasciola Hepatica and Fasciola Gigantica (Liver Flukes)
- 37-15. Clonorchiasis & Opisthorchiasis
  - 37-15. Clonorchiasis & Opisthorchiasis
  - 37-16. Intestinal Flukes
  - F - e37-24. Life Cycle of Clonorchis Sinensis (Chinese Liver Fluke)
  - F - e37-25. Adult Trematodes
- 37-17. Paragonimiasis
  - 37-17. Paragonimiasis
  - F - e37-26. Life Cycle of Paragonimus Westermani (Lung Fluke)
- 37-18. Noninvasive Cestode Infections
  - 37-18. Noninvasive Cestode Infections
  - F - e37-27. Life Cycle of Cestodes
  - F - e37-28. Life Cycle of Diphyllobothrium Latum (Broad Fish Tapeworm)
  - F - e37-29. Life Cycle of Hymenolepis Diminuta and Hymenolepis Nana
- 37-19. Invasive Cestode Infections
  - 3. Other Invasive Cestode Infections
  - 37-19. Invasive Cestode Infections
  - F - e37-30. Life Cycle of Echinococcus
  - F - e37-31. Chest Film of 19-Year-Old Man Showing a Recently Ruptured Hydatid Cyst in the Right Lung
  - F - e37-32. Hydatid Cysts in the Liver on CT Scan
  - F - e37-33. Echinococcosis of the Liver with Hepatobronchial Fistula
- 37-20. Ascariasis
  - 37-20. Ascariasis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e37-34. Life Cycle of Ascaris Lumbricoides (the Giant Roundworm of Humans)
- 37-21. Trichuriasis
  - 37-21. Trichuriasis
  - F - e37-35. Trichuris Trichiura
  - F - e37-36. Life Cycle of Trichuris Trichiura
- 37-22. Hookworm Disease
  - 37-22. Hookworm Disease
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e37-37. Life Cycles of Ancylostoma Duodenale and Necator Americanus (Human Hookworms)
- 37-23. Strongyloidiasis
  - 37-23. Strongyloidiasis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e37-38. Life Cycle of Strongyloides Stercoralis (Small Roundworm of Humans)
- 37-24. Enterobiasis
  - 37-24. Enterobiasis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e37-39. Life Cycle of Enterobius Vermicularis (Pinworm)
- 37-25. Dracunculiasis
  - 37-25. Dracunculiasis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e37-40. Worm Blister Caused by the Head of a Female Guinea Worm (Dracunculus Medinensis)
  - F - e37-41. Life Cycle of Dracunculus Medinensis (Guinea Worm)
  - F - e37-42. Adult Guinea Worm Extracted from the Patient's Right Lower Leg
  - Prevention
- 37-26. Trichinosis
  - 37-26. Trichinosis
  - 37-27. Angiostrongyliasis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e37-43. Life Cycle of Trichinella Spiralis (Trichina Worm)
  - F - e37-44. Trichinella Spiralis
- 37-28. Gnathostomiasis
  - 37-28. Gnathostomiasis
  - 37-29. Toxocariasis
  - F - e37-45. Life Cycle of Gnathostoma Spinigerum
  - F - e37-46. Gnathostomiasis of the Right Eyelid
- 37-30. Cutaneous Larva Migrans (Creeping Eruption)
  - 37-30. Cutaneous Larva Migrans (Creeping Eruption)
  - 37-31. Anisakiasis
  - F - 37-3. Cutaneous Larva Migrans on the Foot
- 37-32. Lymphatic Filariasis
  - 37-32. Lymphatic Filariasis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 37-4. Elephantiasis of Legs due to Filariasis
  - F - e37-47. Filariasis (Elephantiasis)
- 37-33. Onchocerciasis
  - 37-33. Onchocerciasis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e37-48. Life Cycle of Onchocerca Volvulus (Blinding Worm)
  - F - e37-49. Skin Thickening from the Long-Term Effects of Microfilariae of Onchocerca Volvulus-Producing Elephant Skin
  - F - e37-50. Pretibial Atrophy and Depigmentation-a Characteristic Dermatologic Symptom of Onchocerciasis
  - F - e37-51. Snowflake Opacities Seen by Slit Lamp Examination in Late-Stage Ophthalmic Onchocerciasis
- 37-34. Loiasis
  - 37-34. Loiasis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e37-52. Life Cycle of Loa Loa
  - F - e37-53. Microfilariae in Tissue Fluids: Loa Loa
- Part 37. Protozoal & Helminthic Infections
Part 38. Mycotic Infections
- 38-01. Overview: Mycotic Infections
- 38-02. Candidiasis
- 38-03. Histoplasmosis
- 38-04. Coccidioidomycosis
  - 38-04. Coccidioidomycosis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 38-05. Pneumocystosis (Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia)
- 38-06. Cryptococcosis
  - 38-06. Cryptococcosis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 38-07. Aspergillosis
  - 38-07. Aspergillosis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 38-08. Mucormycosis
- 38-17. Household Molds
  - 38-18. Antifungal Therapy
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- Part 38. Mycotic Infections
Part 39. Disorders Related to Environmental Emergencies
- 39-01. Cold & Heat
- 39-02. Disorders Due to Heat
  - 39-02. Disorders Due to Heat
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 39-03. Accidental Systemic Hypothermia
- 39-04. Hypothermia of the Extremities
- 39-07. Frostbite
- 39-09. Drowning
  - 39-09. Drowning
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 39-10. Thermal Burns
- 39-11. Electrical Injury
  - 39-11. Electrical Injury
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 39-12. Radiation Exposure
- 39-14. Dysbarism & Decompression Sickness
  - 39-14. Dysbarism & Decompression Sickness
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 39-15. High-Altitude Illness
- Part 39. Disorders Related to Environmental Emergencies
Part 40. Poisoning
- 40-01. Initial Evaluation: Poisoning or Overdose
- 40-02. Poisoning or Overdose: The Symptomatic Patient
- 40-03. Poisoning or Overdose-Related Coma
- 40-04. Poisoning or Overdose-Related Hypothermia
- 40-05. Poisoning or Overdose-Related Hypotension
- 40-06. Poisoning or Overdose-Related Hypertension
- 40-07. Poisoning or Overdose-Related Arrhythmias
  - 40-07. Poisoning or Overdose-Related Arrhythmias
  - T - 40-1. Common Toxins or Drugs Causing Arrhythmias (Listed in Alphabetical Order by Arrhythmia)
- 40-08. Poisoning or Overdose-Related Seizures
- 40-10. Antidotes
- 40-13. Gastrointestinal Decontamination
  - 40-13. Gastrointestinal Decontamination
  - T - 40-4. Recommended Use of Hemodialysis in Selected Poisonings (Listed in Alphabetical Order)
- 40-14. Diagnosis of Poisoning
- 40-15. Acetaminophen Overdose
- 40-31. Cyanide Poisoning
  - 40-31. Cyanide Poisoning
  - T - e40-1. Currently Available Cyanide (CN) Antidote Kits
- 40-32. Dietary Supplements & Herbal Products Overdose
- 40-47. Mushroom Poisoning
- 40-54. Seafood Poisonings
- 40-58. Tricyclic & Other Antidepressants Overdose
  - 40-58. Tricyclic & Other Antidepressants Overdose
  - F - 40-2. Cardiac Arrhythmias Resulting from Tricyclic Antidepressant Overdose
- Part 40. Poisoning
Part 41. Cancer
- 41-01. Introduction to Cancer
  - 41-01. Introduction to Cancer
  - T - 41-1. Estimated 0 Most Common Cancer Cases in the United States in Males and Females (All Races)
  - T - 41-2. Treatment Choices for Cancers Responsive to Systemic Agents
  - T - 41-3. Common Cancer Therapeutic Agents
- 41-02. The Paraneoplastic Syndromes
  - 41-02. The Paraneoplastic Syndromes
  - T - e41-1. Paraneoplastic Syndromes Associated with Cancer
- 41-03. Bronchogenic Carcinoma
  - 41-03. Bronchogenic Carcinoma
  - 41-04. Pulmonary Metastasis
  - F - 41-1. Squamous Cell Carcinoma-Figure of the Right Lung on Chest Radiograph (A) and CT Scan (B)
  - T - 41-4. Five-Year Survival Rates for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Based on Tumor, Node, Metastasis (TNM) Staging
  - T - 41-5. Median Survival for Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Following Treatment
- 41-05. Mesothelioma
  - 41-05. Mesothelioma
  - 41-06. Hepatocellular Carcinoma
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 41-07. Carcinoma of the Biliary Tract
  - 41-07. Carcinoma of the Biliary Tract
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 41-08. Carcinoma of the Pancreas & Ampulla of Vater
  - 41-08. Carcinoma of the Pancreas & Ampulla of Vater
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 41-09. Esophageal Cancer
  - 41-09. Esophageal Cancer
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e41-1. An Ulcerated Mass with Submucosal Extension is Visible in the Mid-Esophagus Amidst Columnar Epithelium (Barrett Esophagus)
  - F - e41-2. An Exophytic Mass in Visualized in the Distal Esophagus
  - F - e41-3. In the Mid-Esophagus is a Near Circumferential Mass with Luminal Narrowing
- 41-10. Gastric Adenocarcinoma
  - 41-10. Gastric Adenocarcinoma
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e41-4. Large Fungating Mass of Gastric Body with Spontaneous Oozing
  - F - e41-5. Diffusely Spreading Gastric Adenocarcinoma with Submucosal Spread Resulting in Disruption of Normal Gastric Folds Inferiorly
- 41-11. Gastric Lymphoma
  - 41-11. Gastric Lymphoma
  - 41-12. Gastric Neuroendocrine Tumors
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 41-13. Gastrointestinal Mesenchymal Tumors
  - 41-13. Gastrointestinal Mesenchymal Tumors
  - 41-14. Malignancies of the Small Intestine
  - F - e41-6. A Submucosal Tumor with Central Ulceration
- 41-15. Colorectal Cancer
  - 41-15. Colorectal Cancer
  - 41-16. Carcinoma of the Anus
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - e41-7. Colonic Adenocarcinoma that is Circumferential and Narrowing the Lumen
  - F - e41-8. Near Circumferential Adenocarcinoma of Cecum Invading into Terminal Ileum
  - T - 41-6. Recommendations for Colorectal Cancer Screening, Based on 202 USPSTF and 208 American Cancer Society Recommendations
- 41-17. Prostate Cancer
  - 41-17. Prostate Cancer
  - 41-18. Bladder Cancer
  - 41-19. Cancers of the Ureter & Renal Pelvis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
  - F - 41-2. An Algorithm for Prostate Cancer Early Detection
  - F - e41-10. Patterns of Prostate Cancer According to the 2005 International Society of Urological Pathology Consensus Conference on Gleason System
  - F - e41-9. Prostate Mpmri Showing an Anterior Lesion Visible on T2 and Diffusion Weighted Sequences; Such Images Can Assist in Prostate Cancer Detection and Characterization
  - T - 41-7. Risk of Prostate Cancer in Men with PSA 4
  - T - 41-8. Androgen Deprivation for Prostate Cancer
- 41-20. Renal Cell Carcinoma
  - 41-20. Renal Cell Carcinoma
  - 41-21. Other Primary Tumors of the Kidney
  - 41-22. Secondary Cancers of the Kidney
  - T - 41-9. Hereditary Syndromes with Autosomal Dominant Inheritance that Can Include Renal Cell Carcinoma
- 41-23. Testicular Cancers (Germ Cell Tumors)
  - 41-23. Testicular Cancers (Germ Cell Tumors)
  - 41-24. Secondary Cancers of the Testis
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 41-25. Cancer-Related Spinal Cord Compression
  - 41-25. Cancer-Related Spinal Cord Compression
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 41-26. Malignant Effusions
  - 41-26. Malignant Effusions
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 41-27. Cancer-Related Hypercalcemia
  - 41-27. Cancer-Related Hypercalcemia
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 41-28. Hyperuricemia & Tumor Lysis Syndrome
  - 41-28. Hyperuricemia & Tumor Lysis Syndrome
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 41-29. Infections in Cancer Patients
  - 41-29. Infections in Cancer Patients
  - 41-30. Systemic Cancer Therapy
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 41-31. Toxicity & Dose Modification of Chemotherapeutic Agents
  - 41-31. Toxicity & Dose Modification of Chemotherapeutic Agents
  - 41-32. Prognosis in Patients Receiving Chemotherapy
  - T - 41-10. A Common Schema for Dose Modification of Cancer Chemotherapeutic Agents
  - T - 41-11. Commonly Used Supportive Care Agents
- Part 41. Cancer
Part 42. Genetic & Genomic Disorders
- 42-01. Overview: Genetic & Genomic Disorders
  - 42-01. Overview: Genetic & Genomic Disorders
  - F - e42-1. Normal Karyotype of a Human Male
- 42-02. Genes & Chromosomes
- 42-05. Genes in Families
- 42-07. Chromosomal Aberrations
- 42-10. Cytogenetics & Cytogenomics
  - 42-10. Cytogenetics & Cytogenomics
  - T - e42-2. Indications for Cytogenomic Analysis
- 42-11. Biochemical Genetics
- 42-13. Prenatal Diagnosis of Genetic Disorders
  - 42-13. Prenatal Diagnosis of Genetic Disorders
  - T - e42-6. Indications for Prenatal Diagnosis
- 42-14. Neoplasia: Cytogenomic & Dna Analysis
- 42-16. Acute Intermittent Porphyria
- 42-24. Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia
- 42-25. Selected Pharmacogenetic Tests: Clinical Relevance
  - 42-25. Selected Pharmacogenetic Tests: Clinical Relevance
  - T - 42-2. Selected Pharmacogenetic Tests: Clinical Relevance
- Part 42. Genetic & Genomic Disorders
Part 43. Orthopedic Disorders & Sports Medicine
- 43-01. General Approach to Musculoskeletal Injuries
  - 43-01. General Approach to Musculoskeletal Injuries
  - Essentials of Diagnosis
- 43-02. Musculoskeletal Injuries of the Shoulder
- 43-03. Spine Problems
- 43-04. Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Injuries
- 43-05. Musculoskeletal Injuries of the Hip
- 43-06. Musculoskeletal Injuries of the Knee
- 43-07. Ankle Injuries
- 43-08. Educational Materials for Nonsurgical Orthopedic Disorders & Sports Medicine
- Part 43. Orthopedic Disorders & Sports Medicine
Part 44. Sexual & Gender Minority Health
- 44-01. Health Care for Sexual & Gender Minority Patients
- 44-02. Health Care for Lesbian & Bisexual Women
- 44-03. Health Care for Gay & Bisexual Men
  - 44-03. Health Care for Gay & Bisexual Men
  - T - 44-1. Clinical Practice Guidelines Pertaining to the Care of Men who Have Sex with Men (Msm)
- 44-04. Health Care for Transgender & Gender Diverse People
- Part 44. Sexual & Gender Minority Health
Part E1. Anti-Infective Chemotherapeutic & Antibiotic Agents
- e1-01. Penicillins
- e1-02. Cephalosporins
- e1-03. Other Beta-Lactam Medications
  - Carbapenems & Carbapenems In Combination With Beta-Lactamase Inhibitors
  - Monobactams
- e1-04. Erythromycin Group (Macrolides)
- e1-05. Tetracycline Group
- e1-07. Aminoglycosides
- e1-09. Lefamulin
- e1-13. Sulfonamides & Antifolate Medications
- e1-14. Sulfones
- e1-15. Specialized Medications Used Against Bacteria: Bacitracin, Mupirocin, Clindamycin, Metronidazole & Tinidazole, Vancomycin, Bezlotoxumab
- e1-20. Quinolones
- e1-22. Urinary Antiseptics
- e1-23. Antifungal Medications
- e1-24. Antiviral Chemotherapy
- Part E1. Anti-Infective Chemotherapeutic & Antibiotic Agents
Part E2. Diagnostic Testing & Medical Decision Making
- e2-01. Overview: Diagnostic Testing & Medical Decision Making
- e2-02. Benefits, Risks, & Costs of Diagnostic Tests
  - e2-02. Benefits, Risks, & Costs of Diagnostic Tests
  - T - e2-1. Criteria for Use of Screening Procedures
- e2-03. Diagnostic Test Preparation
- e2-04. Diagnostic Test Characteristics
- e2-05. Use of Tests in Diagnosis & Management
- e2-06. Likelihood Ratios & Odds-Probability Conversion in Medical Decision-Making
- Part E2. Diagnostic Testing & Medical Decision Making
Part E3. Information Technology in Patient Care
- e3-01. Overview: Information Technology in Patient Care
- e3-02. Patient Confidentiality & Information Technology
- e3-03. Clinical Uses of Email
- e3-06. Clinical Decision Support
- e3-09. Telemedicine
  - e3-09. Telemedicine
  - T - e3-3. Examples of Current Telemedicine Applications
- Part E3. Information Technology in Patient Care
Part E4. Podiatric Disorders
- e4-01. Bunion
- e4-03. Hallux Limitus
  - e4-03. Hallux Limitus
  - F - E4-2. Two Radiographs Showing Hallux Limitus
- e4-04. Fifth Metatarsal Fracture
- e4-06. Onychocryptosis (Ingrown Nail)
- e4-07. Achilles Tendonitis
- e4-10. Flatfoot (Pes Planus)
- Part E4. Podiatric Disorders
Part E5. Women's Health Issues
- e5-01. Overview: Women's Health Issues
- e5-02. Preventive Health Care in Women
- e5-03. Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Women
- e5-04. Cancer Prevention in Women
- e5-05. Osteoporosis Prevention in Women
- e5-06. Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Women
- e5-08. Intimate Partner Violence
- e5-09. Human Trafficking
- e5-10. Eating Disorders in Women
- Part E5. Women's Health Issues
Part E6. Appendix: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Laboratory Reference Intervals, & Commonly Used Blood Specimen Collection Tubes
- e6-01. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
  - e6-01. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
  - T - e6-1. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
- e6-02. Reference Intervals for Commonly Used Tests
  - e6-02. Reference Intervals for Commonly Used Tests
  - T - e6-2. Reference Intervals for Commonly Used Tests
- e6-03. Commonly Used Blood Specimen Collection Tubes
  - e6-03. Commonly Used Blood Specimen Collection Tubes
  - T - e6-3. Commonly Used Blood Specimen Collection Tubes
- Part E6. Appendix: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Laboratory Reference Intervals, & Commonly Used Blood Specimen Collection Tubes
Front Matter
- Authors
- Preface

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Role of Cobalamin (Vitamin B12) and Folic Acid in Nucleic Acid and Myelin Metabolism i

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Table of Contents

Role of Cobalamin (Vitamin B12) and Folic Acid in Nucleic Acid and Myelin Metabolism i