Table of Contents

• Free Topics
  • About
  • Advance Directives and Consent
  • Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS)
  • Anaphylaxis
  • Cardiovascular Problems and Disorders
  • Final Pre-op Preparations
  • Gastrointestinal Problems and Disorders
  • IV Solution Types: Crystalloids and Colloids
  • Medication Administration
  • Motor Function Assessment
  • Musculoskeletal Problems and Disorders
  • Pacemakers/Automatic Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators (AICD)
  • Patient Teaching
  • Preoperative Management
  • Respiratory Assessment
  • Respiratory Problems and Disorders
  • Transfusion of Blood Products
  • Urinary system
  • Ventilators/Mechanical Ventilation
• Reviewers
  • Reviewers
• Cardio
  • 12-Lead ECG
    • 12-Lead ECG
    • 12-Lead Placement: Chest and Limb Leads
    • Localizing Ischemia on 12-Lead
    • Sample ECG Rhythms
  • Age-Related Changes to the Cardiovascular System
  • Cardiac Rhythm Monitoring and Interpretation
    • Basic ECG Interpretation
    • Cardiac Rhythm Monitoring and Interpretation
    • Lead Placement: Standard Three- and Five-Wire
  • Cardiovascular (CV) Assessment
  • Cardiovascular Hemodynamics
  • Cardiovascular Problems and Disorders
    • Cardiovascular Problems and Disorders
    • Chest Pain
    • Dizziness/Syncope/Vasovagal Response
    • Heart Failure (HF)
    • Hypertensive Crisis
    • Hypotension
    • Pacemakers/Automatic Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators (AICD)
  • IV Solution Types: Crystalloids and Colloids
    • Colloids
    • Crystalloids
    • IV Solution Types: Crystalloids and Colloids
  • Transfusion of Blood Products
    • Transfusion of Blood Products
    • Transfusion Reaction
  • Vascular Access Devices (Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters, Shunts, Implanted Ports)
    • Access: Inserting a Peripheral IV or Saline Lock
    • Infusion: Continuous
    • Infusion: Intermittent IV Piggyback (IVPB)
    • Infusion: IV Push Medications
    • Maintenance: Flushing Peripheral and Central Lines
    • Vascular Access Devices (Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters, Shunts, Implanted Ports)
• Resp
  • Chest Tubes
    • Chest Tubes
    • Insertion
    • Removal
    • Setup of Closed Chest Drainage System
    • Troubleshooting
  • Respiratory Assessment
    • Age-Related Changes to the Respiratory System
    • Auscultation of Lung Sounds
    • Respiratory Assessment
    • Respiratory Patterns
  • Respiratory Problems and Disorders
    • Chest Tube Dislodgement
    • Pulmonary Embolism
    • Respiratory Distress/Failure/Dyspnea/Shortness of Breath
    • Respiratory Problems and Disorders
    • Tracheostomy Tube Dislodgement
  • Troubleshooting Ventilator Problems
    • Troubleshooting Ventilator Problems
    • Ventilated Patient in Respiratory Distress
  • Ventilators/Mechanical Ventilation
    • Common Settings
    • Indications
    • Ventilators/Mechanical Ventilation
• Neuro
  • Age-Related Changes to the Neurological System
  • Cerebellar Function (Coordination) Assessment
    • Cerebellar Function (Coordination) Assessment
    • Gait and Balance
    • Point-to-Point Movements
    • Proprioception
    • Rapid Alternating Movements
    • Romberg's Test
  • Cognitive Assessment
    • Cognitive Assessment
    • Mental Status
    • Pupil Scale (mm)
  • Level of Consciousness (LOC)/Responsiveness (LOR)
  • Level of Orientation
  • Motor Function Assessment
    • Motor Function Assessment
    • Motor Strength
    • Muscle Tone
  • Neurological Assessment
  • Neurological Problems and Disorders
    • Altered Level of Consciousness (ALOC)/Responsiveness (LOR)
    • Altered Mental Status (AMS)/Delirium
    • Dizziness/Syncope/Vasovagal Response
    • Increasing Intracranial Pressure (ICP)
    • Neurological Problems and Disorders
    • Seizure
    • Sudden Neurological Deficit: Stroke/Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
  • Reflex Activity Assessment
    • Agitated Patient
    • Babinski's (Plantar) Reflex
    • Clonus Reflex
    • Reflex Activity Assessment
• Renal/F&E
  • Age-Related Changes of the Renal and Urinary System
  • Dehydration and Hypovolemia
  • Electrolyte Imbalances
  • Hyperkalemia
  • Hypernatremia
  • Hypokalemia
  • Hyponatremia
  • Hypotonic Hyponatremia
  • Renal Problems and Disorders
    • Oliguria (Low Urine Output/Acute Renal Failure/Acute Kidney Injury)
    • Renal Problems and Disorders
    • Urinary Retention
    • Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
  • Renal/Fluid/Electrolyte Assessment
• GI
  • Age-Related Changes to the Gastrointestinal System
  • Gastrointestinal (GI) Assessment
  • Gastrointestinal Problems and Disorders
    • Abdominal Pain/Distention
    • Constipation
    • Diarrhea
    • Feeding Tubes (FT) Complications
    • Gastrointestinal Problems and Disorders
    • Hematemesis/Upper Gastrointestinal Bleed
    • Lower Gastrointestinal Bleed/Melena
    • Nausea/Vomiting
• Endo
  • Age-Related Changes to the Endocrine System
  • Diabetic Emergencies
    • Diabetic Emergencies
    • Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
    • Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS)
    • Hypoglycemia
    • Myxedema Crisis/Coma
    • Thyroid Storm (Thyrotoxicosis)
  • Endocrine System Assessment
• Msk Integ
  • Age-Related Changes to the Integumentary System
    • Age-Related Changes to the Integumentary System
    • Bandages, Casts, Wound Dressings, and Drainage Systems
    • Pressure Points/Ulcers
    • Skin Condition
    • Surgical or Traumatic Wounds
  • Age-Related Changes to the MS System
    • Age-Related Changes to the MS System
    • Ambulatory Status
    • Fall Risk Assessment
    • Integumentary Assessment
    • Motor Strength
    • Neurovascular/CMS (Circulation, Motion, Sensation)
    • Pain Assessment
    • Range of Motion (ROM)
  • Musculoskeletal (MS) Assessment
  • Musculoskeletal Problems and Disorders
    • Compartment Syndrome
    • Hip Fracture
    • Musculoskeletal Problems and Disorders
    • Pathological Fracture
    • Patient Fall
    • Pressure Ulcers
    • Surgical Site Infection (SSI)/Complication
    • Wound Vacuums
• Infect
  • Infection Assessment
    • Infection Assessment
    • Nosocomial or Hospital-Acquired Infections (HAIs)
  • Infection Problems and Disorders
    • Clostridium Difficile-Associated Diarrhea (CDAD)
    • Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO)
    • Fever with Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/Sepsis
    • Hepatitis
    • Infection Problems and Disorders
    • Meningitis
    • MRSA and Vancomycin-Resistant Staph Infection
    • Necrotizing Fasciitis (NF)
    • Pneumonia
    • Tuberculosis (TB)
  • Preventing the Spread of Infection
    • Preventing the Spread of Infection
    • Standard Precautions
    • Transmission-Based Precautions
• ACLS Emerg
  • Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS)
    • Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS)
    • Anaphylaxis
    • Asystole/Pulseless Electrical Activity
    • Bradycardia: Stable Without Serious Signs or Symptoms
    • Bradycardia: Unstable (HR Typically <50 BPM)
    • Cardiac Arrest
    • Return of Spontaneous Circulation (ROSC)
    • Shock
    • Tachycardia: Stable Without Serious Signs or Symptoms
    • Tachycardia: Unstable All Types
    • Transcutaneous Pacing
    • Ventricular Fibrillation/Pulseless Ventricular Tachycardia
  • Initial Assessment and Management for All Patients
    • Assessment (as Applicable)
    • Automatic External Defibrillator
    • BLS Cardiac Arrest: 2015 Guidelines
    • BLS Choking: 2015 Guidelines
    • Code Responses and Responsibilities
    • Detecting Impending Emergency
    • Emergent/Urgent Situations
    • Initial Assessment and Management for All Patients
    • Management (as Applicable)
    • Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS) System
• Meds
  • ACLS/Code Cart/Emergency Drugs
  • Medication
    • High-Alert Medication Classes
    • Medication
    • Specific High-Alert Medications
  • Medication Administration
    • Always Remember! Medication Right
    • Assessment and Documentation
    • Best Practice for Safe Medication Administration
    • Common Lab Tests
    • Drugs Compatible With IV Potassium Cl (KCl)
    • Drugs Incompatible With IV KCL
    • IV Rates and Compatibility
    • Medication Administration
    • Patient Education and Medication Use
    • Review Medications for Appropriateness
• Surgical
  • Advance Directives and Consent
    • Advance Directive (AD)
    • Advance Directives and Consent
    • Informed Consent
  • Postoperative Management
    • After Immediate Postoperative Period
    • Assessment After Receiving Pt from PACU
    • Hand-Off of Care-PACU to Med-Surg Floor
    • Postoperative Management
  • Preoperative Management
    • Patient Identification—Admission—Verification
    • Preoperative Management
  • Preoperative Preparation
    • ECG and Radiological Imaging Assessment
    • Final Pre-op Preparations
    • Laboratory Assessment
    • Last Oral Intake (Fasting/NPO Status)
    • Patient Medications and Possible Implications
    • Patient Teaching
    • Physical Preparation for Surgery
    • Preoperative Checklist
    • Preoperative History and Physical (H&P) Exam
    • Preoperative Preparation
  • Transfer of Pt to Intraoperative Care Team
    • Time-Out/Pause for Cause
    • Transfer of Pt to Intraoperative Care Team
• Tools
  • Pain Scales
  • Referred Pain
  • Select References