Table of Contents

• Free Topics
  • Abbreviation Alert!
  • Abdominal Organs and Quadrants
  • About
  • Abuse
  • ACLS Bradycardia: 2015 Guidelines
  • ACLS Cardiac Arrest: 2015 Guidelines
  • ACLS Cardiac Arrest: 2015 Guidelines - Medical Emergencies
  • ACLS Tachycardia: 2015 Guideline
  • ACLS Tachycardia: 2015 Guideline - Medical Emergencies
  • Age-Related Assessment: Spices Tool
  • Alzheimer's Disease (AD)
  • Basic Chemistry and Electrolytes
  • Bites and Stings
  • Bleeding: Placenta Abruptio
  • Breasts and Breastfeeding
  • Calculator - APGAR Score - Calculator
  • Calculator - Body Surface Area (BSA) - Calculator
  • Code Responses and Responsibilities
  • Common Causes of Acid-Base Imbalance
  • Common Types of Cancers
  • Electrolyte Imbalance
  • Gastrointestinal Assessment
  • Health History - Temperature
  • Medical Emergencies
  • Newborn-Emergency Drug Reference
  • Renal Failure: Chronic (CRF)
  • Response
  • Symbols and Abbreviations
  • Transfusion Reaction
  • Traumatic Emergencies
• Procedures
  • Airway-Maneuvers for Opening
    • Airway-Maneuvers for Opening
    • Head-Tilt, Chin-Lift
    • Jaw-Thrust
  • Airway-Nasal and Oral
    • Airway-Nasal and Oral
    • Nasopharyngeal Airway (NPA)
    • Oropharyngeal Airway (OPA)
  • Antiembolic Devices
    • Antiembolic Devices
    • Elastic Stockings (TED Hose)
    • Procedure
  • Apical-Radial Pulse
    • Apical-Radial Pulse
    • Apical-Radial Pulse Deficit (If Present)
  • Aspiration Precautions
    • Aspiration Precautions
    • General Guidelines
    • Signs of Dysphagia
  • Assistive Devices
    • Assistive Devices
    • Canes
    • Crutches
    • Walkers-Avoid UsingonStairs
  • Bladder Irrigation, Continuous (CBI)
    • Bladder Irrigation, Continuous (CBI)
    • Procedure
    • Setup
  • Bladder Scanner
    • Bladder Scanner
    • Blood Administration
    • Blood Specimen-Arterial Blood Gas
    • Blood Specimen-Finger Stick Blood Glucose (FSBG)
    • Indications
    • Procedure
  • Blood Specimen-Venous Sample
    • Blood Specimen-Venous Sample
    • Order of Lab Draw
  • Chest Tubes
    • Chest Tubes
    • Insertion
    • Removal
    • Setup of Closed Chest Drainage System
    • Troubleshooting
    • Troubleshooting - Air Leak
  • Cold Therapy
    • Cold Therapy
    • Dressing Change-Sterile
    • Electric Pump Cooling Device
    • Ice Bag or Pack
  • Dressings
    • Application Techniques
    • Dressing Types
    • Dressings
  • Nasogastric (NG) Tube
    • Confirming Proper Placement of NG Tube
    • Insertion of NG Tube
    • Nasogastric (NG) Tube
    • Oral Care-Unconscious or Debilitated Patient
    • Removal of NG Tube
  • Ostomy Care
    • Applying or Changing An Ostomy Bag
    • Ostomy Care
    • Oxygen Administration
    • Types of Ostomies
  • Post-Procedure Guidelines
  • Pre-Procedure Guidelines
  • Pulse Oximetry
    • Conditions that May Produce False Readings
    • Pulse Oximetry
  • Restraints
    • Alternatives to Restraints
    • Common Reasons for Using Restraints
    • Laws Pertaining to Restraints
    • Restraints
    • Safety Guidelines
    • SBAR-Communication Technique
    • Types of Restraints
  • Sputum/Throat Culture
    • Expectorated Specimens
    • General Guidelines
    • Sputum/Throat Culture
    • Suctioned Specimens (Sputum Trap)
    • Throat Culture
  • Standard Precautions
    • Hand Hygiene
    • Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
    • Removing Soiled Gloves
    • Sharps-Linen-Refuse-Equipment
    • Standard Precautions
    • Transmission-Based Precautions
  • Stool-Specimen Collection
    • Cysts and Spores-Ova and Parasites
    • Occult Blood (Hemoccult, Guaiac)
    • Stool-Specimen Collection
  • Suctioning
    • Closed System-Ventilated Patient
    • Nasopharyngeal/Oropharyngeal
    • Suctioning
  • Tracheostomy Care
    • Cleaning
    • Dislodgement
    • Tracheostomy Care
  • Tube Feedings
    • Administering Feedings
    • Checking Residuals
    • Tube Feeding-Complications
    • Tube Feedings
  • Urinary Catheter-Insertion
    • Condom Catheter Application
    • Indwelling and Straight Catheters
    • Urinary Catheter-Insertion
    • Urinary Catheter-Removal
  • Urine-Specimen Collection
    • Catheterized Patients
    • Clean-Catch (Midstream)
    • First Morning
    • Random
    • Second Void
    • Timed (24-Hour Urine)
    • Urine-Specimen Collection
  • Ventilators-Patient in Distress
    • Ventilated Patient in Respiratory Distress
    • Ventilator Alarms - Ventilated Patient in Respiratory Distress
    • Ventilators-Patient in Distress
    • Wound Culture
• Assess
  • Normal Range Vital Signs
  • Pain Assessment
    • Characteristics of Acute and Chronic Pain
    • Pain Assessment
    • Pain Scales-Faces Pain Rating Scale - Characteristics of Acute and Chronic Pain
    • Pain Scales-FLACC Pain Scale for Pediatric Patients
    • Referred Pain - Pain Scales-FLACC Pain Scale for Pediatric Patients
    • Spanish Numerical Pain Scale
  • Physical Assessment
    • Abdominal Organs and Quadrants
    • Cardiac Auscultation Sites
    • Cardiovascular Assessment - Different Approaches to Physical Assessment
    • Cranial Nerves: Assessment - Abdominal Organs and Quadrants
    • Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT)
    • Dehydration - Pupil Scale (mm)
    • Dermatomes
    • Determining Responsiveness: AVPU Scale - Dermatomes
    • Different Approaches to Physical Assessment
    • Edema Grading Scale
    • Electrolyte Imbalance - Pupil Scale (mm)
    • Fluid and Electrolytes - Pupil Scale (mm)
    • Focused Symptom Analysis (OPQRST) - Different Approaches to Physical Assessment
    • Gastrointestinal Assessment - Edema Grading Scale
    • Genitourinary Assessment - Abdominal Organs and Quadrants
    • Glasgow Coma Scale - Dermatomes
    • Integumentary Assessment - Abdominal Organs and Quadrants
    • Musculoskeletal Assessment - Abdominal Organs and Quadrants
    • Neurological Assessment - Abdominal Organs and Quadrants
    • Nutritional Assessment - Pupil Scale (mm)
    • Physical Assessment
    • Pupil Scale (mm)
  • Psychiatric-Mental Health Assessment
    • Areas Susceptible to Pressure Injuries
    • Auscultation of Lung Sounds
    • General Safety Guidelines
    • Lung Sounds-Differential Diagnosis - Respiratory Patterns
    • Mental Status Assessment - General Safety Guidelines
    • Pressure Injuries - Areas Susceptible to Pressure Injuries
    • Pressure Injury Prevention Strategies
    • Psychiatric-Mental Health Assessment
    • Respiratory Assessment
    • Respiratory Patterns
    • Risk Factors for Development of Pressure Injuries
    • Suicidal Patient
    • Wound Assessment - Respiratory Patterns
  • Temperature
    • Assessment Overview
    • Factors that Affect Vital Signs
    • Health History
    • Temperature
    • Vital Sign Assessment
• Life Span
  • Advanced Pediatric Life Support (PALS 2015)
    • Advanced Pediatric Life Support (PALS 2015)
    • Assessment of the Pediatric Patient
    • Bradycardia (HR 60 bpm)-Poor Perfusion
    • Cardiac Arrest
    • Pediatric Formulas (>1 Year)
    • Tachycardia-Poor Perfusion
  • Aspiration Precautions
    • Aspiration Precautions - Life Span
    • General Guidelines
    • Signs of Dysphagia
  • Be Alert! Pain Assessment and Intervention
    • Be Alert! Pain Assessment and Intervention
    • Nonpharmacological Interventions for Pain
    • Signs and Symptoms by Developmental Stage
  • Be Alert! Respiratory Distress in Pediatrics
    • Be Alert! Respiratory Distress in Pediatrics
    • Developmental Milestones
    • Health History
  • Complications of Pregnancy
    • Bleeding: Placenta Abruptio
    • Bleeding: Placenta Previa
    • Blood Pressure (Elevated): Pre-eclampsia
    • Blood Pressure (Low): Supine Hypotensive Syndrome
    • Complications of Pregnancy
    • Gestational Diabetes
    • Hyperemesis Gravidarum
  • Dehydration in the Elderly
    • Dehydration in the Elderly
    • Delirium and Dementia in the Elderly
    • Nursing Interventions
    • Risk Factors
    • Signs and Symptoms
  • Delivery-Uncomplicated
    • Assisting During Delivery
    • Clinical Findings (Imminent Delivery)
    • Delivery-Uncomplicated
  • Delivery-with Complications
    • Breech Presentation
    • Cord Presentation (Prolapsed Cord)
    • Delivery-with Complications
    • Limb Presentation
    • Meconium-Stained Amniotic Fluid
    • Newborn-Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
    • Vaginal Bleeding
  • Depression and Suicide in the Elderly
    • Depression and Suicide in the Elderly
    • Eating Problems in the Elderly - Nursing Interventions
    • Nursing Interventions
    • Signs of Suicidal Intent
  • Electronic Fetal Monitoring
    • Electronic Fetal Monitoring
    • Fetal Heart Rate (FHR)
    • Fetal Heart Rate Patterns
    • Variability (Cardiac Rhythm Irregularities)
  • Fall Risk Assessment and Prevention
    • Fall Prevention
    • Fall Risk Assessment and Prevention
    • Pharmacokinetics in the Elderly
  • Geriatric Patients
    • Age-Related Assessment: Spices Tool
    • Age-Related Changes and Implications - Age-Related Assessment: Spices Tool
    • Geriatric Patients
  • Immunization History
    • Immunization History
    • Injections (IM) for Pediatric Patients
    • Recurrent Childhood Illnesses
  • Mother: Postpartum Care and Assessment
    • Abdomen and Uterus
    • Breasts and Breastfeeding
    • Emotional Status
    • Lower Extremities
    • Mother: Postpartum Care and Assessment
    • Pediatric Quick Reference (Vitals-Equipment-Electricity) - Perineum
    • Perineum
  • Newborn: Initial Care and Assessment
    • ABCs, Temperature, and Vital Signs
    • APGAR Score
    • Identification and Infant Safety
    • Measurements
    • Newborn: Initial Care and Assessment
    • Physical Assessment
    • Routine Infant Reflexes - Physical Assessment
    • Routine Newborn Medication and Labs
  • Newborn-Emergency Drug Reference
    • Newborn-Emergency Drug Reference
    • Newborn-Equipment Size and Insertion Depth
  • Nutritional Assessment
    • Nutritional Assessment
    • Signs of Malnutrition
  • OB Patients: Pregnancy-Newborn-Postpartum
    • Basic Terms Associated with Pregnancy
    • Due Date Prediction (Nagele's Rule)
    • Fetal Development Timetable
    • Fundal Height Assessment
    • Hormones Associated with Pregnancy
    • Immunization During Pregnancy
    • Normal Changes Throughout Pregnancy
    • OB Patients: Pregnancy-Newborn-Postpartum
    • Weight Gain and Nutritional Requirements
  • Polypharmacy in the Elderly
    • Assessment and Prevention
    • Polypharmacy in the Elderly
    • Recommended Adult Immunization Schedule
  • Progression of Labor
    • Factors Affecting Progression of Labor (Four Ps)
    • Factors Affecting Progression of Labor (Four Ps) - Comparison of True and False Labor
    • Factors Affecting Progression of Labor (Four Ps) - Stages of Labor
    • Progression of Labor
• Emerg Trauma
  • BLS CPR Maneuvers
  • Defibrillation and Pacing
    • Automatic External Defibrillator (AED)
    • Chest Pain
    • Defibrillation and Pacing
    • Manual Defibrillation
    • Synchronized Electrical Cardioversion
  • Hazmat/Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD)
    • Biological Agents
    • Chemical and Nerve Agents
    • General Hazmat Decontamination Guidelines
    • Hazmat/Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD)
    • Increasing Intracranial Pressure
    • Infection: Fever/Sirs/Sepsis
    • Overdose (OD)
    • Postoperative Hemorrhage
    • Respiratory Distress
  • Immediate Post-Cardiac Arrest Care: 2015 Return of Spontaneous
    • 12-Lead ECG and Neurologic Assessment
    • Dizziness, Vasovagal Response, Syncope
    • Immediate Post-Cardiac Arrest Care: 2015 Return of Spontaneous Circulation (ROSC)
    • Optimize Ventilation and Oxygenation
    • Transfusion Reaction
    • Treat Hypotension (SBP 90 mm Hg)
  • Initial Assessment and Intervention for All Pts
    • Abdominal Pain
    • ACLS Bradycardia: 2015 Guidelines
    • ACLS Cardiac Arrest: 2015 Guidelines
    • Allergic Reaction: Anaphylaxis
    • Altered Mental Status (AMS)
    • Assessment (As Applicable)
    • BLS Cardiac Arrest: 2015 Guidelines
    • BLS Choking: 2015 Guidelines
    • BLS Summary of CPR Components: 2015
    • Code Responses and Responsibilities
    • Initial Assessment and Intervention for All Pts
    • Intervention (As Applicable)
  • Medical Emergencies
    • Abdominal Pain
    • ACLS Bradycardia: 2015 Guidelines
    • ACLS Cardiac Arrest: 2015 Guidelines
    • ACLS Tachycardia: 2015 Guideline
    • Allergic Reaction: Anaphylaxis
    • Altered Mental Status (AMS)
    • Assessment (As Applicable) - Initial Assessment and Intervention for All Pts
    • Chest Pain
    • Diabetic Emergencies
    • Diabetic Emergencies
    • Dizziness, Vasovagal Response, Syncope
    • Hypertension
    • Hypotension
    • Increasing Intracranial Pressure
    • Infection: Fever/Sirs/Sepsis
    • Initial Assessment and Intervention for All Pts
    • Intervention (As Applicable) - Initial Assessment and Intervention for All Pts
    • Medical Emergencies
    • Overdose (OD)
    • Postoperative Hemorrhage
    • Respiratory Distress
    • Seizure
    • Shock: Comparing Different Types and Management - Seizure
    • Suicidal/Combative Patient
  • Seizure
    • ACLS Tachycardia: 2015 Guideline
    • Seizure
    • Shock: Comparing Different Types and Management
    • Suicidal/Combative Patient
  • Trauma-Assessment
    • Assessment-Primary Trauma Survey
    • Assessment-Revised Trauma Score (RTS)
    • Assessment-Secondary Trauma Survey
    • Hypertension
    • Indications for Spinal Immobilization
    • Special Considerations
    • Trauma-Assessment
  • Trauma-Basic Management
    • Abdominal Trauma
    • Chest Trauma
    • Chest Trauma-Comparing Different Types - Chest Trauma
    • Extremity Trauma - Abdominal Trauma
    • Head Trauma
    • Hypotension
    • Trauma-Basic Management
  • Traumatic Emergencies
    • Abuse
    • Bites and Stings
    • Burn Injury
    • Cold Injury-Frostbite
    • Differentiating Heatstroke and Heat Exhaustion - Hyperthermia
    • Drowning-Near Drowning-Submersion
    • High-Altitude Illness
    • Hyperthermia
    • Hypothermia
    • Traumatic Emergencies
• Meds/IV/Fluids
  • Abbreviation Alert!
    • Abbreviation Alert!
    • Additional Abbreviations, Acronyms, and Symbols
    • Ampule
    • Formulas: Medication and Infusion Rates
    • Joint Commission Official "Do Not Use" List: 2009
  • Administration Alerts!
    • Administration Alerts!
    • Always Remember! Assessment and Documentation
    • Always Remember! Critical General Points
    • Always Remember! Medication Right
    • Always Remember! Triple Check
    • IV Fluid Drip Rate Table (Drops/Min)
  • Administration Routes
    • Administration Routes
    • Buccal-Transmucosal
    • Ears-Drops
    • Eyes-Drops or Ointment
    • Inhalation-Handheld Nebulizer
    • Inhalation-Metered Dose Inhaler
    • Injection
    • IV
    • Nasogastric-Gastric Tubes
    • Oral (PO)
    • Rectal (PR)
    • Sublingual
    • Topical
    • Transdermal Patch
    • Vaginal (PV)
  • Administration-Preparation
    • Administration-Preparation
    • Ampule
    • Formulas: Medication and Infusion Rates - Vial
    • IV Fluid Drip Rate Table (Drops/Min) - Vial
    • Vial
  • High-Alert Medication Classes
    • Angle of Injection
    • Anticoagulant Alert! - Injections-Subcutaneous (SC)
    • High-Alert Medication Classes
    • Injections - Specific High-Alert Medications
    • Injections-Intradermal (ID)
    • Injections-Intramuscular (IM)
    • Injections-Intramuscular Landmarks
    • Injections-Intramuscular Z-Track Method
    • Injections-Subcutaneous (SC)
    • Injections-Subcutaneous and Intradermal Sites
    • Insulin Alert! - Injections-Subcutaneous (SC)
    • Insulin-Types - Injections-Subcutaneous and Intradermal Sites
    • Specific High-Alert Medications
  • Intravenous (IV)-Access, Infusion, Maintenance
    • Access-Inserting A Peripheral IV or Saline Lock
    • Infusion-Continuous
    • Infusion-Intermittent IV Piggyback (IVPB)
    • Infusion-IV Push Medications
    • Intravenous (IV)-Access, Infusion, Maintenance
    • Maintenance-Flushing Peripheral and Central Lines
    • Routine Care of Peripheral and Central Lines
    • Troubleshooting IV Complications
  • Intravenous Solution Types
    • Intravenous Solution Types
    • Volume Expanders (Colloids)
  • Medication Errors
    • Medication Errors
    • Pregnancy Risk Categories - Response
    • Prevention
    • Response
  • Vial
    • Formulas: Medication and Infusion Rates
    • IV Fluid Drip Rate Table (Drops/Min)
    • Vial
• LABS/ECG
  • 12-Lead ECG
    • 12-Lead ECG
    • 12-Lead Placement-Chest and Limb Leads
    • Differentiating RBBB from LBBB - 12-Lead Placement-Chest and Limb Leads
    • Differentiating Wide-Complex Tachycardia - 12-Lead Placement-Chest and Limb Leads
    • Localizing Ischemiaon12-Lead
    • Patterns of Acute MI - Localizing Ischemiaon12-Lead
    • Reciprocal Lead Changes of Acute MI - Localizing Ischemiaon12-Lead
    • Sample ECG Rhythms
  • Basic Chemistry and Electrolytes
  • Basic ECG Interpretation
    • Analyzing the PR Interval (PRI) - ECG Components
    • Analyzing the QRS - ECG Components
    • Basic ECG Interpretation
    • Cardiac Anatomy and Conduction
    • ECG Components
    • ECG Parameters - ECG Components
    • ECG Systematic Assessment - ECG Components
    • Lead Placement-Standard Three- and Five-Wire
  • Blood Gas Analysis
    • Acid-Base Imbalance
    • Antibiotic Levels (Peak and Trough)
    • Arterial Blood Gas
    • Blood Gas Analysis
    • Cardiac Markers
    • Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
    • Coagulation
    • Common Causes of Acid-Base Imbalance
    • Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy Panel
    • Hematology (CBC with Differential)
    • Medication Levels (Therapeutic)
    • Progression of Cardiac Markers
    • Urinalysis
    • Venous Blood Gas
• Diseases & Patient ED
  • Diseases and Disorders
    • ABCDs of Melanoma - Cancer: General Overview
    • Alzheimer's Disease (AD)
    • Breast Self-Examination
    • Cancer: General Overview
    • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
    • Common Types of Cancers
    • Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
    • Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
    • Crohn's Disease
    • Diabetes Mellitus (DM)
    • Diseases and Disorders
    • Hypertension (HTN)
    • Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
    • Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
    • Pancreatitis
    • Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD)
    • Renal Failure: Chronic (CRF)
    • Testicular Self-Examination (TSE)
    • TNM Staging of Cancer - Cancer: General Overview
    • Urinary Incontinence
  • Food and Dietary Considerations
    • Food and Dietary Considerations
    • Food Sources for Specific Nutrients
    • Food Sources for Specific Nutrients - Foods to Avoid with Certain Drugs/Herbs
    • Food Sources for Specific Nutrients - Herb-Prescription Drug Interactions
    • Food Sources for Specific Nutrients - Suggested Dietary Changes Related to Diseases
• Tools/Index
  • Common Formulas and Equivalents
    • Body Surface Area (BSA) Formula
    • Common Equivalents
    • Common Formulas and Equivalents
    • Common Standard-to-Metric Formulas
    • Conversions: Standard-to-Metric
    • English-to-Spanish Translation
    • Illustration Checklist Report
    • Select References
    • Symbols and Abbreviations
    • Waist-to-Hip Ratio
    • Web Resources (Updated October 2017)