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ABC of Dermatology
Pathophysiological Mechanisms Involved in the Development of Psoriasis
Table of Contents
Free Topics
About
Acne, Rosacea, and Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Box - Associations of Pyoderma Gangrenosum
Box - Autoimmune Associations with Vitiligo
Cosmetic Dermatology
Drug Rashes
Figure - 'ice-Pick' Scars
Figure - 'id Reaction' after Commencing Oral Treatment for Tinea Capitis
Formulary
Genital Dermatoses
HIV and the Skin
Management of Psoriasis
Preface
Premalignant and Malignant Skin Lesions
Table - Abnormality Underlying Some Inherited Skin Disorders
Table - Antibiotics Used in Dermatology, Their Method of Action, Indications, and Complications
Viral Infections
1. Introduction
1. Introduction
Box(es)
1-1. Dermatology History-Taking
1-2. Examination of Skin Lesions - Key Points
Figure(s)
1-1. Psoriasis with Nail Changes
1-10. Psoriasis Plaques on the Knees
1-11. Bullae on the Palm from Multidermatomal Shingles
1-12. Section through Skin Showing Sites of Vesicle and Bulla
1-13. Lichenification Due to Chronic Eczema in Nickel Allergy
1-14. Discoid Lesions in Discoid Eczema
1-15. Inflammatory Pustules Secondary to Contact Dermatitis with Argon Oil
1-16. Epidermal Atrophy in Extra-Genital Lichen Sclerosus
1-17. Ulceration in Pyoderma Gangrenosum
1-18. Erosions (Loss of Epidermis) in Paraneoplastic Bullous Pemphigoid
1-19. Excoriation of Epidermis in Atopic Dermatitis
1-2. Erythema Nodosum in Pregnancy
1-20. Crusted Lesions in Pemphigus Vulgaris
1-21. Desquamation Following A Severe Drug Reaction
1-22. Annular (Ring-Shaped) Lesions in Neonatal Lupus
1-23. Reticulate Pattern in Vasculitis
1-24. Symmetrical Hypopigmented Plaques of Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma
1-25. Irritant Eczema on Dominant Hand of Chef
1-26. Bilateral Contact Dermatitis to Cement
1-27. Chronic Actinic Dermatitis
1-28. Eczema: Intraepidermal Vesicle (Arrow)
1-29. Vesicles and Bullae in Erythema Multiforme
1-3. Superficial Spreading Melanoma
1-30. Vesicles in Herpes Simplex
1-31. Vesicles and Bullae in Bullous Pemphigoid
1-32. Bullae in Cellulitis on Lower Leg
1-33. Bullae from Insect Bite Reactions
1-34. Possible Precipitating Factors in Psoriasis
1-4. Section through Skin
1-5. Erythema Due to A Drug Reaction
1-6. Section through Skin with A Papule
1-7. Papules in Lichen Planus
1-8. Nodules in Hypertrophic Lichen Planus
1-9. Section through Skin with Plaque
2. Psoriasis
2. Psoriasis
Figure(s)
2-1. Pathophysiological Mechanisms Involved in the Development of Psoriasis
2-10. Koebner's Phenomenon: Psoriasis in Surgical Scar
2-11. Hyperkeratotic Palmar Psoriasis
2-12. Scalp Psoriasis
2-13. Onycholysis in Nail Psoriasis
2-14. Guttate Psoriasis
2-15. Palmar Pustular Psoriasis
2-16. Acute Unstable Pustular Psoriasis
2-17. Flexural Psoriasis
2-18. Napkin Psoriasis
2-19. Erythrodermic Psoriasis
2-2. (Diagram/Histology Composite) Increased Epidermal Proliferation
2-20. Chronic Psoriatic Arthropathy
2-21. Acute Arthropathy X-Ray Signs
2-3. Pitting and Onycholysis of the Nails
2-4. Multiple Small Plaques
2-5. Large Chronic Plaques
2-6. Common Patterns of Distribution of Psoriasis
2-7. Generalised Plaques
2-8. Psoriatic Plaques on the Trunk
2-9. Annular Plaques
3. Management of Psoriasis
3. Management of Psoriasis
Figure(s)
3-1. Psoriasis Suitable for Topical Dithranol Treatment
3-2. Scalp Psoriasis
3-3. Thin Plaques of Psoriasis Suitable for Tl01
3-4. Psoralen with Ultraviolet A (Puva) Cabinet
3-5. Psoriasis Before Phototherapy
3-6. Skin after Phototherapy
3-7. Hand and Foot Puva
3-8. Severe Psoriasis Suitable for Systemic Therapy
3-9. Severe Unstable Pustulating Psoriasis Suitable for Treatment with Biological Therapy
Table(s)
3-1. Management of Psoriasis
4. Eczema (Dermatitis)
4. Eczema (Dermatitis)
Box(es)
4-1. Common Contact Allergens
Figure(s)
4-1. Chronic Atopic Dermatitis
4-10. Asteatotic Eczema
4-11. Discoid Eczema
4-12. Pompholyx Eczema
4-13. Varicose Eczema
4-14. Infected Eczema
4-15. Paget's Disease of the Nipple - Beware Unilateral 'eczema'
4-16. Common Sources of Contact Dermatitis by Body Site
4-17. Severe Contact Dermatitis to Potassium Dichromate in Leather Shoes
4-18. Contact Dermatitis to Iodine
4-19. Allergic Contact Dermatitis to Melamine Formaldehyde Resin
4-2. Histology of Eczema
4-20. Contact Dermatitis to Fragrance in Facial Cream
4-21. Contact Dermatitis to Neomycin Cream and (B) after Stopping the Treatment
4-22. Acute Ppd Allergy in A 'henna' Tattoo
4-23. Contact Allergy to Morphine Dressing
4-24. Immunological Response Leading to the Development of Contact Dermatitis
4-25. Chronic Actinic Dermatitis
4-26. Irritant Hand Eczema in A Chef
4-27. Test Patches in Place
4-28. Patches Being Removed after 48 Hours
4-29. Positive Patch Test Reactions
4-3. Facial Atopic Dermatitis
4-4. Chronic Lichenified Eczema on the Legs
4-5. Distribution of Atopic Dermatitis
4-6. Factors Leading to the Exacerbation of Atopic Dermatitis
4-7. Eczema Herpeticum
4-8. Plantar Dermatitis
4-9. Lichen Simplex
5. Urticaria and Angio-oedema
5. Urticaria and Angio-oedema
Box(es)
5-1. Causes of Non-Physical Urticaria
5-2. Causes of Physical Urticaria
Figure(s)
5-1. Urticarial Vasculitis with Bruising
5-2. Ordinary Urticaria
5-3. Urticaria from Contact with Brown Caterpillar Moths
5-4. Cold-Induced Urticaria on the Cheeks
5-5. Ordinary Urticaria with Dermatographism
5-6. Annular Urticaria
5-7. Angio-Oedema of the Hand
5-8. Dermatographism
6. Skin and Photosensitivity
6. Skin and Photosensitivity
Box(es)
6-1. Determining Skin Type: Questions to Ask Patients in Clinic
Figure(s)
6-1. Non-Ionising, Visible, and Infrared Radiation
6-2. Porphyia Cutanea Tarda
6-3. Erythropoietic Protoporphyria
6-4. Photosensitive Drug Eruption Showing Typical 'phototoxic' or Exaggerated Sunburn Response with Sparing Under the Chin
6-5. Phytophotodermatitis to Lime Juice
6-6. Polymorphous Light Eruption (Pmle)
6-7. Chronic Actinic Dermatitis
Table(s)
6-1. Common Photosensitive Drugs and Associated Features
7. Drug Rashes
7. Drug Rashes
Figure(s)
7-1. Photosensitive Eruption
7-10. Dress Swollen Ears
7-11. Acute Generalised Exanthematous Pustulosis Multiple Pustules on an Erythematous Base
7-2. Diltiazem Pigmentation on the Face
7-3. Maculopapular Exanthem
7-4. Urticaria Secondary to Penicillin
7-5. Drug-Induced Lupus
7-6. Drug-Induced Vasculitis
7-7. Lichenoid Drug Reaction to Nifedipine
7-8. Fixed Drug Eruption
7-9. Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis on the Trunk
Table(s)
7-1. Cutaneous Reactions and the Most Commonly Implicated Drugs
7-2. Time from Drug Commencement to Drug Rash
7-3. Scorten Parameters
8. Immunobullous and Other Blistering Disorders
8. Immunobullous and Other Blistering Disorders
Box(es)
8-1. Widespread Blistering Eruptions
8-2. Localised Blistering Eruptions
Figure(s)
8-1. Section through the Skin with (A) Intraepidermal Blister and (B) Subepidermal Blister
8-10. Pemphigus Vulgaris in the Mouth
8-11. Dermatitis Herpetiformis on the Knees
8-12. Linear IgA on the Trunk
8-13. Histopathology of Bullous Pemphigoid
8-14. Histopathology of Pemphigus Vulgaris
8-15. Immunofluorescence of Bullous Pemphigoid
8-16. Immunofluorescence of Pemphigus Vulgaris
8-2. Bullous Pemphigoid
8-3. Urticated Plaques in Pre-Bullous Pemphigoid
8-4. Bullous Pemphigoid: Showing Mouth Erosions
8-5. Pemphigoid Gestationis on the Abdomen
8-6. Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid: Scarring Skin Eruption
8-7. Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid on the Scalp
8-8. Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid: Eyes
8-9. Pemphigus Vulgaris on the Trunk
Table(s)
8-1. Differential Diagnosis of Immunobullous Disorders - Other Causes of Cutaneous Blistering
8-2. Clinical Features of Immunobullous Disorders
8-3. Skin Biopsy Findings in Immunobullous Disorders
9. Connective Tissue Disease, Vasculitis, and Related Disorders
9. Connective Tissue Disease, Vasculitis, and Related Disorders
Box(es)
9-1. Investigations Might Include the Following
9-2. Possible Causes of Cutaneous Vasculitis
9-3. Crest Syndrome
9-4. Clinical Variants of Lupus Erythematosus
Figure(s)
9-1. Vasculitis
9-10. Bullous Lichen Planus
9-11. Antiphospholipid Syndrome in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Affecting the Ears
9-12. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
9-13. Subacute Lupus Erythematosus Triggered by Terbinafine
9-14. Discoid Lupus Erythematosus Classically Affects the Ears
9-15. Neonatal Lupus Erythematosus
9-16. Dermatomyositis Rash on the 'v' of the Neck
9-17. Dermatomyositis of the Hands
9-18. Dermatomyositis: Ragged Cuticles
9-2. Bullous Vasculitis with Necrosis
9-3. Livedo Reticularis with Skin Necrosis in Polyarteritis Nodosa
9-4. Perniosis on the Knees from Outdoor Work in the Winter
9-5. Morphoea Seen as Hyperpigmented Indurated Plaques in the Torso
9-6. Calcinosis Cutis
9-7. Crest Syndrome
9-8. Lichen Planus on the Wrist
9-9. Lichen Planus in the Mouth
10. The Skin and Systemic Disease
10. The Skin and Systemic Disease
Box(es)
10-1. Clues to A Possible Underlying Systemic Disease
10-2. Characteristic Rashes Associated with Underlying Systemic Disease
10-3. Associations of Pyoderma Gangrenosum
10-4. Liver Disease and the Skin
10-5. Autoimmune Associations with Vitiligo
10-6. Skin Markers of Internal Malignancy
10-7. Non-Specific Skin Changes Associated with Malignant Disease
Figure(s)
10-1. Toxic Erythema Reactive Morbilliform Rash
10-10. Pretibial Myxoedema
10-11. Zinc Deficiency
10-12. Shiitake Mushroom Flagellate Dermatosis
10-13. Pyoderma Gangrenosum
10-14. Dermatitis Herpetiformis
10-15. Porphyria Cutanea Tarda
10-16. Xanthomas in Alagille Syndrome
10-17. Piebaldism
10-18. Vitiligo Being Treated with Phototherapy (Tl-01)
10-19. Haemochromatosis
10-2. Erythema Multiforme
10-20. Sézary Syndrome (Erythroderma with Abnormal Circulating Sézary Cells)
10-21. Cutaneous B-Cell Lymphoma
10-22. Poikiloderma
10-23. Polymorphous Eruption of Pregnancy (Pep)
10-24. Pemphigoid Gestationis
10-25. Ichthyosis Vulgaris
10-26. Blashko's Lines
10-27. Epidermal Naevus Following Blashko's Lines
10-3. Erythema Nodosum
10-4. Annular Erythema
10-5. Sarcoid
10-6. Melasma
10-7. Acanthosis Nigricans
10-8. Necrobiosis Lipoidica on the Shin
10-9. Granuloma Annulare
Table(s)
10-1. Clinical Signs of Thyroid Disease
10-2. Abnormality Underlying Some Inherited Skin Disorders
11. Leg Ulcers
11. Leg Ulcers
Box(es)
11-1. Treatment of Venous Leg Ulcers
Figure(s)
11-1. Venous Leg Ulcer
11-10. Cleaning Leg Ulcers
11-11. Arterial Ulcer
11-12. Martorell Ulcer Caused by Uncontrolled Hypertension
11-13. Ulcers in Diabetic Foot
11-14. Vasculitis and Perniosis Pre-Ulceration
11-15. Pyoderma Gangrenosum
11-16. Buruli Ulcer on the Arm
11-17. Squamous Cell Carcinoma in A Chronic Diabetic Ulcer
11-18. Dermatitis Artefacta
11-2. Healthy Valves in Legs
11-3. Incompetent Valves in Legs
11-4. Varicose Veins
11-5. Varicose Eczema
11-6. Atrophie Blanche
11-7. Lymphoedema
11-8. Lipodermatosclerosis
11-9. Compression Bandaging
12. Acne, Rosacea, and Hidradenitis Suppurativa
12. Acne, Rosacea, and Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Box(es)
12-1. Factors Causing Acne
12-2. Ladder of Treatment for Rosacea
Figure(s)
12-1. Sebaceous Gland: Pathology in Acne
12-10. Acne Excoriée
12-11. Acne Conglobate on the Back
12-12. Acne Fulminans on the Chin
12-13. Dry Lips as A Result of Oral Isotretinoin
12-14. Classic Xerotic Rash on the Dorsal Hand Secondary to Taking Oral Isotretinoin
12-15. Rosacea
12-16. Rosacea Localised to the Nose
12-17. Rhinophyma
12-18. Blepharitis
12-19. Hidradenitis Suppurativa (Hurley Stage III) Affecting the Axilla
12-2. Acne with Closed Comedones
12-3. Acne with Open Comedones, Cysts, and Scars
12-4. Perioral Dermatitis
12-5. Acne Vulgaris with Inflammatory Papules and Pustules
12-6. Acne Keloidalis Nuchae Hypertrophic Scarring Affecting Posterior Neck/Scalp
12-7. Types of Atrophic Acne Scars (A, Boxcar; B, Ice-Pick; C, Rolling)
12-8. 'ice-Pick' Scars
12-9. and (B) Keloid Scars Secondary to Acne
Table(s)
12-1. Treatment of Acne
13. Bacterial Infections
13. Bacterial Infections
Figure(s)
13-1. Multiple Abscesses Due to Pvl Staphylococcus Aureus Infection
13-10. Staphylococcus Scalded Skin Syndrome
13-11. Ecthyma
13-12. Lupus Vulgaris
13-13. Erythema Induratum (Bazin's Disease)
13-14. Sporotrichoid Spread of Mycobacterium Marinum
13-15. Bacillary Angiomatosis
13-16. Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
13-17. Secondary Syphilis
13-2. Impetigo with Golden Crusting
13-3. Impetigo with Bullae and Erosions
13-4. Bacterial Folliculitis
13-5. Pseudofolliculitis: Forehead
13-6. Acne Keloidalis
13-7. Erythrasma
13-8. Erysipelas
13-9. Extending Cellulitis
Table(s)
13-1. Common Patterns of Bacterial Infection in the Skin
14. Viral Infections
14. Viral Infections
Box(es)
14-1. Herpes Simplex - Points to Note
14-2. Shingles - Points to Note
14-3. Viral Diseases with Rashes
Figure(s)
14-1. Inoculation Herpes
14-10. Molluscum Contagiosum
14-11. Histology Showing Molluscum Bodies
14-12. Orf
14-13. Filiform Hpv Wart
14-14. Periungual Hyperkeratotic Hpv Warts
14-15. Plantar Warts (Verrucas)
14-16. Koplick's Spots in Measles
14-17. Measles Rash
14-18. Rubella
14-19. Erythema Infectiosum
14-2. Herpes 'cold Sore'
14-20. Gianotti-Crosti Syndrome
14-21. Classic Oval Blisters in Hfmd Coxsackie A16
14-22. More Severe Form of Hfmd Coxsackie A6
14-23. Onychomadesis (Nail Shedding) One to Two Months after Hfmd Coxsackie A6
14-3. Herpes Simplex Vesicles on Posterior Pinna
14-4. Eczema Herpeticum
14-5. Varicella Zoster Virus Chickenpox Infection in an Adult
14-6. Herpes Zoster in A Dermatome (Shingles)
14-7. Multidermatomal Varicella Zoster Virus (Shingles)
14-8. Mandibular Nerve Zoster
14-9. Herald Patch of Pityriasis Rosea
15. HIV and the Skin
15. HIV and the Skin
Box(es)
15-1. HIV and the Skin
15-2. Skin Disorders in HIV/Aids
Figure(s)
15-1. Primary HIV Infection: Seroconversion Rash
15-10. Oral Hairy Leukoplakia
15-11. Kaposi's Sarcoma on the Hard Palate
15-12. Kaposi's Sarcoma Nodules
15-13. Molluscum Contagiosum
15-14. Human Papillomavirus Warts: Extensive
15-15. Crusted Scabies on the Hand
15-16. Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
15-2. Seborrhoeic Dermatitis
15-3. Eosinophilic Folliculitis
15-4. Nodular Prurigo
15-5. Flexural Candida Infection
15-6. Pseudomembranous Candida
15-7. Bacillary Angiomatosis
15-8. Secondary Syphilis
15-9. Hsv (Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome, Iris)
16. Fungal Infections
16. Fungal Infections
Box(es)
16-1. Principles of Diagnosis
Figure(s)
16-1. Animal Ringworm
16-10. Toeweb Tinea Pedis
16-11. Tinea Corporis
16-12. Tinea Cruris
16-13. Pityriasis Versicolor with Hyperpigmented Scaling
16-14. Pityriasis Versicolor with Hypopigmented Scaling
16-15. Onychomycosis Caused by Trichophyton Rubrum
16-16. Candida Onychomycosis
16-17. Candida Infection in the Groin
16-18. Candida Albicans Stomatitis
16-19. Fusarium Infection in A Bone Marrow Recipient
16-2. Tinea Capitis: Microsporum
16-20. Deep Fungal Infection
16-3. Patchy Alopecia in Tinea Capitis Caused by Trichophyton Tonsurans
16-4. Scaling with Alopecia in the Scalp and Scaly Rash on the Neck Caused by T
16-5. Kerion in T
16-6. 'id Reaction' after Commencing Oral Treatment for Tinea Capitis
16-7. Tinea Incognito
16-8. Seborrhoeic Dermatitis
16-9. Tinea Pedis
17. Insect Bites and Infestations
17. Insect Bites and Infestations
Box(es)
17-1. Clinical Features of Bites
17-2. Risk Factors for Bites
17-3. Scabies - Points to Note
17-4. Management of Scabies
Figure(s)
17-1. Severe Bed Bug Bites
17-10. Scabies Nodules in A Child
17-11. Scabies on Sole of an Infant
17-12. Crusted Scabies on Buttocks
17-13. Head Lice
17-14. Pediculosis (Head Lice) Causing an Irritant Rash on the Posterior Neck and Upper Back
17-15. Pubic Lice on Eyelashes
17-16. Cutaneous Larva Migrans
17-2. Linearity of Configuration of Insect Bite Reactions
17-3. Bulla Bite Reaction
17-4. Persistent Insect Bite Reaction
17-5. Parasitophobia Specimens
17-6. Tick and Bite Reaction
17-7. Erythema Chronicum Migrans in Lyme Disease
17-8. Spider Bite (Nigeria)
17-9. Scabies Burrows and Papules in A Child
Table(s)
17-1. Skin Lesions Associated with Insect Bites
18. Tropical Dermatology
18. Tropical Dermatology
Box(es)
18-1. Bacterial Index (BI)
18-2. Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
Figure(s)
18-1. Spectrum of Clinical Disease in Leprosy
18-10. Tinea Imbricata
18-11. Madura Foot
18-12. Chromoblastomycosis
18-13. Paracoccidioides Brasiliensis Causing Disseminated Disease in A Young Patient
18-14. Histoplasmosis in HIV Infection
18-15. Tungiasis
18-16. Myiasis: Larva
18-17. Lymphoedema of the Legs in Filariasis
18-18. 'leopard Skin' in Onchocerciasis
18-2. Tuberculoid Leprosy: Hypopigmented Patches
18-3. Tuberculoid Leprosy
18-4. Lepromatous Leprosy
18-5. Borderline Leprosy
18-6. Acute Leishmaniasis
18-7. Chronic Leishmaniasis
18-8. Diffuse Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
18-9. Superficial Fungal Infection
Table(s)
18-1. Tropical Fungal Infections of the Skin
19. Hair and Scalp
19. Hair and Scalp
Figure(s)
19-1. Diagrammatic Cross-Section of Hair at Various Growth Phases
19-10. Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
19-11. Lichen Planopilaris
19-12. Pseudopelade of Brocq
19-13. Folliculitis Decalvans
19-14. Hirsutism
19-15. Hypertrichosis
19-16. Scalp Psoriasis
19-17. Pityriasis Amiantacea
19-2. Norwood's Classification of Male Pattern Balding
19-3. Ludwig Patterns of Hair Loss
19-4. Patterns of Hair Loss in Female Pattern Hair Loss
19-5. Alopecia Areata
19-6. Exclamation Mark Hairs
19-7. Nail Pitting Associated with Alopecia Areata
19-8. Tinea Capitis
19-9. Kerion
Table(s)
19-1. Causes of Telogen Effluvium
19-2. Causes of Scarring Alopecia
19-3. Causes of Hirsutism
19-4. Hypertrichosis Due to Drugs
20. Diseases of the Nails
20. Diseases of the Nails
Box(es)
20-1. Pigmented Streaks in Nails
Figure(s)
20-1. Section through Finger
20-10. Linear Melanonychia
20-11. Nail Psoriasis with Onycholysis, Pitting, and Arthritis of the Distal Interphalangeal Joint of the Little Finger
20-12. Eczema Causing Inflammatory Matrix Changes and Compounded by Picking with Surrounding Eczema and Loss of Intact Nail
20-13. Lichen Planus
20-14. Nail Dystrophy with Alopecia Areata Comprising Multiple Small, Regular, Pits
20-15. Dystrophy Due to Lupus
20-16. Pterygium Formation with Lupus
20-17. Chronic Paronychia with Alteration of Nail Plate Shape, Loss of Cuticle and Discolouration Secondary to Nail Fold Inflammation and Microbial Colonisation
20-18. Fungal Infection with Superficial Pattern (Fourth Toe) and Distal and Subungual Pattern on the Little Toe
20-19. Chronic Rubbing Trauma to the Proximal Nail Fold Leads to A 'habit Tic' Pattern of Longitudinal Dystrophy
20-2. Pitting of Nail and (B) Pitting of Nail Appearance with Dermatoscope
20-20. Mucoid Cyst, also Called Myxoid Pseudocyst
20-21. In Situ Melanoma with Progressive Pigmentation of Nail Plate
20-22. Subungual Exostosis of the Big Toe
20-3. Onycholysis Due to Manicure beneath the Nail
20-4. Onycholysis and Hyperkeratosis of Nail Plate in Psoriasis
20-5. Longitudinal Ridge and Partial Split Termed Canaliform Dystrophy of Heller
20-6. Darier's Disease
20-7. Clubbing with Loss of the Angle Between the Proximal Nail Fold and the Base of the Nail
20-8. Apparent Leukonychia
20-9. Yellow Nail Syndrome
21. Genital Dermatoses
21. Genital Dermatoses
Figure(s)
21-1. Angiokeratomas, Multiple Small Vascular Lesions on Labia Majora
21-10. Vulval Melanosis - Irregular Pigmentation Inner Labia
21-11. Vulval Intra-Epithelial Neoplasia with White Hyperkeratotic Plaques
21-12. Perianal Hpv-Associated Intra-Epithelial Neoplasia
21-2. Extensive Erythema in Acute Allergic Contact Dermatitis
21-3. Lichen Simplex with Lichenification and Excoriation of Labia Majora
21-4. Vulval Psoriasis with Well-Defined Plaques Affecting Labia Majora and Inguinal Folds
21-5. Vulval Lichen Sclerosus with White Sclerotic Plaques on Inner Labia Minora and Clitoral Hood
21-6. Vulval Lichen Sclerosus - Architectural Change with Loss of Labia Minora and Narrowing of the Introitus
21-7. Lichen Sclerosus Affecting the Glans Penis
21-8. Erosive Vulval Lichen Planus with Vestibular Erosions and Architectural Change
21-9. Erosive Lichen Planus of Glans Penis
Table(s)
21-1. Causes of Genital Ulceration
22. Benign Skin Tumours
22. Benign Skin Tumours
Figure(s)
22-1. Seborrhoeic Keratoses on the Trunk, There is A Melanoma on the Right Upper Shoulder (Shown by the Arrow)
22-10. Intradermal Naevus
22-11. Blue Naevus
22-12. Spitz Naevus
22-13. Halo Naevi
22-14. Becker's Naevus
22-15. Dermatofibroma
22-16. Naevus Flammeus Neonatorum
22-17. Sturge-Weber Syndrome
22-18. Cavernous (Strawberry) Haemangioma and (B) Ulcerating and Bleeding Cavernous Haemangioma Suitable for Treatment with Systemic Ss Blockers
22-19. Spider Telangiectasia
22-2. Seborrhoeic Keratoses
22-20. Campbell De Morgan Angiomas
22-21. Pyogenic Granuloma
22-22. Syringomas
22-23. Trichoepitheliomas
22-24. Apocrine Hidrocystomas
22-25. Milia
22-26. Sebaceous Gland Hyperplasia
22-27. Lipoma
22-28. Leiomyoma on Scalp Vertex
22-29. Epidermoid Cyst
22-3. Dermatosis Papulosa Nigra
22-30. Eccrine Poroma
22-31. Keloid Scar Secondary to Ear Piercing
22-32. Naevus Sebaceous
22-33. Epidermal Naevus
22-34. Inflammatory Linear Verrucous Epidermal Naevus (Ilven)
22-4. Skin Tags
22-5. Lentigines on Upper Back
22-6. Congenital Melanocytic Naevus
22-7. Mongolian Blue Spot
22-8. Junctional Naevus
22-9. Compound Naevus
Table(s)
22-1. Differential Diagnosis of Common Benign Skin Tumours
23. Premalignant and Malignant Skin Lesions
23. Premalignant and Malignant Skin Lesions
Box(es)
23-1. The Abcde of Malignant Pigmented Lesions
Figure(s)
23-1. Sun-Damaged Skin with Multiple Actinic Keratoses
23-10. Hyperkeratotic Rapidly Enlarging Squamous Cell Carcinoma on the Scalp
23-11. Squamous Cell Carcinoma Histology
23-12. Keratoacanthoma-Like Squamous Cell Carcinoma on the Lip
23-13. Dysplastic Naevus
23-14. Superficial Spreading Melanoma on the Right Upper Back
23-15. Melanoma with A Pale Area of Regression around It
23-16. Lentigo Maligna Pre-Imiquimod Treatment and (B) Lentigo Maligna Midway through Treatment with Topical Imiquimod
23-17. Lentigo Maligna Melanoma
23-18. Nodular Melanoma
23-19. Acral Melanoma
23-2. Bowen's Disease
23-20. Amelanotic Melanoma
23-21. Desmoplastic Melanoma
23-22. Ulcerating Melanoma with Satellites and in Transit Metastasis
23-23. Mycosis Fungoides
23-24. Primary Cutaneous B-Cell Lymphoma
23-25. Paget's Disease of the Nipple
23-3. Nodular-Type Basal Cell Carcinoma Inner Canthus of the Eye
23-4. Nodular Basal Cell Carcinoma Histology
23-5. Recurrent Nodular Basal Cell Carcinoma Arising in A Hypopigmented Scar
23-6. Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma
23-7. Pigmented Basal Cell Carcinoma
23-8. Morphoeic Basal Cell Carcinoma
23-9. Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Initial Stages on the Pinna
Table(s)
23-1. Prognosis in Melanoma According to Staging
24. Practical Procedures and Skin Surgery
24. Practical Procedures and Skin Surgery
Box(es)
24-1. Cryotherapy - Practical Points
24-2. Curettage - Practical Points
24-3. Surgical Excision
24-4. Suturing
Figure(s)
24-1. Cryotherapy
24-10. Incisional Biopsy: Marked Area for Sampling
24-11. Surgical Excision: 'skin Wrinkle Lines' of the Trunk
24-12. Surgical Excision: 'skin Wrinkle Lines' of the Limbs
24-13. Surgical Excision: 'skin Wrinkle Lines' of the Face
24-14. Surgical Excision of Bcc from Lower Back
24-15. Surgical Excision of Bcc: Removal of Specimen Illustrating the Defect
24-16. Surgical Excision of Bcc: after Suturing, Showing Wound Eversion
24-17. Placement of Epidermal Sutures
24-18. Methods of Placing Buried Dermal Sutures
24-2. Electrodessication during Surgery
24-3. Spoon Curettage
24-4. Punch Biopsy Tools
24-5. Punch Biopsy: Injecting Local Anaesthetic
24-6. Punch Biopsy: Tool Insertion
24-7. Punch Biopsy: Plug of Skin
24-8. Punch Biopsy: Raising A Plug of Skin
24-9. Punch Biopsy: Specimen Taken
25. Lasers, Intense Pulsed Light, and Photodynamic Therapy
25. Lasers, Intense Pulsed Light, and Photodynamic Therapy
Figure(s)
25-1. Port Wine Stain (A) Before and (B) after Treatment with A Pulsed Dye Laser
25-2. Bruising Following Pulsed Dye Laser Treatment
25-3. Café Au Lait Macule (A) Before and (B) after Treatment with A Q-Switched Nd-Yag Laser
25-4. Tattoo Subjected to Laser Removal
25-5. Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma on the Lower Back
Table(s)
25-1. Laser Indications and Selection
25-2. Possible Complications of Laser Treatment
25-3. Laser Selection by Colour for Tattoo Removal
26. Cosmetic Dermatology
26. Cosmetic Dermatology
Figure(s)
26-1. Age-Related Facial Changes as A Consequence of Bone Loss, Fat Pad Atrophy, and Pigmentary Changes on the Skin
26-10. Chemical Burn as A Consequence of Accidental Spillage of 50% Tca Peel
26-2. Glogu Classification Scale for Photodamage
26-3. Filling Agents Should be Placed Within the Skin at A Site that Best Suits Their Purpose (E
26-4. Placement of Hyaluronic Acid, with A Needle, Just below the Vermillion Border for Lip Augmentation
26-5. Botulinum Toxin Injected into the Upper Forehead to Reduce the Horizontal Lines
26-6. Botulinum Toxin to the Platysma Muscle and Mentalis
26-7. Solar Lentigines on the Cheek after 35% Tca Peel
26-8. Classification of Depth of Peel Penetration and Common Agents Used
26-9. Application of Trichloroacetic Acid on the Cheek
27. Wounds, Dressings, and Bandages
27. Wounds, Dressings, and Bandages
Figure(s)
27-1. Wound Assessment
27-2. The Wound Healing Continuum is Represented by the Colour of the Tissues in the Wound (Grey Et Al
27-3. Types of Wound Dressings
27-4. Larvae Dressing in A Second Toe Amputation Site
27-5. Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (Npwt) Dressings Applied to A Deep Stump Wound
27-6. Integra Skin Substitute Applied to Lower Leg Wound
27-7. Example of A Four-Layer System
27-8. Example of A Two-Layer System with A Foam Bandage Underneath
27-9. Example of A Different Two-Layer Compression System with Printed Pressure Indicators
Table(s)
27-1. Wound Types and Suitable Dressings
27-2. Wound Dressing Categories
28. Formulary
28. Formulary
Figure(s)
28-1. Liberal Application of A Potent Topical Steroid Resulting in Striae Formation
28-2. Perioral Dermatitis Caused by Local Application of Topical Steroids
28-3. Potent Topical Steroid-Induced Atrophy and Acne
Table(s)
28-1. Comparison of Formulations for Topical Therapy
28-2. Relative Potency of Topical Corticosteroids
28-3. Topical Antimicrobials Used in the Treatment of Superficial Infections
28-4. Miscellaneous Preparations Used in the Treatment of Psoriasis
28-5. Antibiotics Used in Dermatology, Their Method of Action, Indications, and Complications
28-6. Side Effects of Systemic Retinoids
Front Matter
Preface
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Pathophysiological Mechanisms Involved in the Development of Psoriasis
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