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Yao & Artusio's Anesthesiology: Problem-Oriented Patient Management
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Cardiogenic shock
intra-aortic balloon pump for
venoarterial ECMO for
A.11. Which medical conditions mimic cardiac tamponade?
A.13. What are the four types of shock?
C.6. Following removal of approximately 500 mL of dark blood and clots from the mediastinum, the patient's CO remains low. What are your differential diagnoses?
C.7. What is pericardial decompression syndrome (PDS)?
Cardiomegaly, with pericardial effusions
Cardiomyopathy
diabetes mellitus and
heart transplantation for
hypertrophic obstructive - C.I-9. Discuss the principles and clinical applications of intraoperative two-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (TEE).
peripartum
Cardioplegia
C.II-22. How would you preserve the myocardium during CPB?
C.II-23. What is cardioplegia? How much would you use?
C.II-25. How does the blood glucose level change during CPB? Why? What is optimal glucose control intraoperatively? Does hyperglycemia increase neurologic complications during CPB?
C.II-28. How do you estimate the fluid balance during CPB?
C.II-29. For how long can the aorta be cross-clamped?
Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB)
Cardiopulmonary reserve, in lung cancer
B.1. How would you evaluate the patient prior to surgery?
B.2. What are the pulmonary function guidelines that indicate an increased risk for morbidity and mortality?
Cardiovascular system
abdominal aortic aneurysm
burns and
heart transplantation
mechanical circulatory support
morbid obesity and - A.12. What changes occur in the cardiovascular system of the patient with obesity? Discuss cardiac output, blood volume, blood pressure, and pulmonary arterial pressure.
noncardiac surgery in ischemic heart disease
pacemakers, implantable cardioverter-defibrillators, and cardiac resynchronization therapy
percutaneous coronary intervention - A.3. What is percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)? Discuss its indications, contraindications, and results.
pregnancy and
pregnancy and - B.2. What are the maternal cardiovascular changes of pregnancy?
preoperative assessment for TURP
Carillon device
Carotid artery, anatomy of
A.1. What are the presenting symptoms of carotid stenosis?
A.2. What is the prevalence of carotid artery disease?
A.3. What is the natural course of carotid artery disease as it relates to stroke?
A.4. What in the patient's history puts them at higher risk for having carotid atherosclerosis?
A.5. Do we screen patients for asymptomatic carotid stenosis?
Carotid artery clamping
C.16. How will you manage this patient's ventilation under general anesthesia?
C.17. How will you manage this patient's blood pressure intraoperatively?
C.18. Discuss reperfusion injury following CEA and CAS.
C.3. Discuss the differences and relative advantages and disadvantages of unprocessed EEG and processed EEG monitoring.
C.4. How will you measure CBF intraoperatively? What are the relative advantages and disadvantages of each technique?
C.5. Describe the use of stump pressure and its limitations.
C.6. Describe the use of transcranial Doppler (TCD) and its limitations.
C.7. Describe the use of jugular venous oxygen saturation (Sjvo2) and its limitations.
Carotid artery disease
Carotid artery stenting (CAS)
anesthesia choice for
CEA vs. - A.5. Do we screen patients for asymptomatic carotid stenosis?
CEA vs. - A.8. What are the indications for CEA and carotid artery stenting (CAS) in asymptomatic carotid atherosclerotic disease?
embolic protection device for
endovascular approaches to - A.14. Discuss the endovascular approaches to carotid stenting.
postoperative complications after
reperfusion injury in
role in symptomatic patients
type of stent for
Carotid bruit
Carotid endarterectomy (CEA)
Carotid sinus syncope
Carotid stenosis
Carvedilol
A.9. What are the medical and surgical alternatives to cardiac transplantation?
D.2. How would you manage hypertension in the intensive care unit?
CAS
Cataract
anesthesia for
anesthesia for - E.1. What is a cataract?
cardiac and bleeding risks in
causes and risk factors for
definition
postoperative management
preoperative evaluation
Catastrophic pulmonary hypertension, protamine and
Catecholamines
A.4. What substances does the adrenal medulla secrete?
A.5. What are the mechanisms of action of epinephrine and norepinephrine?
A.6. What is the pathway for the synthesis and breakdown of catecholamines?
mechanisms of action
stimulation during surgery, drugs to control
synthesis and breakdown pathways of
See Complex regional pain syndrome
A.1. What is the differential diagnosis of pain in this patient?
A.2. What is complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS)?
CBF
CBV (cerebral blood volume)
CC
See Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, guidelines for chronic opioid therapy (CDC)
A.1. How significant is the issue of low back pain in the general population?
A.2. What is the prevalence of hypertension?
B.21. If opioids are prescribed as treatment for patients with CRPS, what is the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guideline on chronic opioid therapy?
Complex Regional Pain Syndromes
CDH
CEA
Celecoxib, for bariatric surgery
B.5. Would you premedicate this patient?
B.6. Describe the mechanism of action of each premedication in the ENERGY protocol.
Celiac plexus block
complications of - C.3. What are the complications of celiac plexus block?
for cancer pain - C.3. What are the complications of celiac plexus block?
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