Skyscape Web Viewer : Yao & Artusio's Anesthesiology: Problem-Oriented Patient Management : Main Index

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See Pericardial decompression syndrome (PDS) C.7. What is pericardial decompression syndrome (PDS)? Cardiac Tamponade
Pediatrics
PEEP
Pericardium
See Pain management, perioperative A.4. What would be your perioperative analgesic strategy? C.9. What are the strengths, weaknesses, benefits, and challenges of ERAS? D.2. Why is it important to control postoperative pain? How would you achieve this? D.5. You were able to perform a continuous spinal epidural (CSE) at L3-L4 and used 0.125% bupivacaine via the epidural catheter for postoperative pain control. The patient reports that he is comfortable regarding both his back pain and his ankle pain. What benefit would continuing methadone confer in this case? Perioperative Pain Management and Multimodal Pain Management See Pain management, perioperative
Peripheral nerve blocks
Peripheral nerve stimulation A.13. What can affect the accuracy of a two-wavelength pulse oximeter? B.18. What is neuromodulation? What is the role of stimulation-based therapies in treating CRPS? B.2. What interventional treatments are available and how should they be used?
Peripheral nerve stimulator B.8. How accurate are qualitative estimates of the TOF ratio, and what purpose do peripheral nerve stimulator (PNS) monitors serve? C.1. How would you monitor this patient? C.1. What monitors would you use in this functional New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II patient during cesarean delivery? C.10. Which neuromuscular blocking agents would you use? Why? C.2. How should this patient be monitored intraoperatively? C.6. What monitors and devices would you apply to the patient? Why? C.7. Which neuromuscular blocking agent would you use? C.II-18. Would you give NMBDs during CPB? How is their action affected during CPB? Postoperative Residual Neuromuscular Weakness and Prolonged Apnea Vecuronium
See Pacemakers, permanent A.1. What are the indications for permanent pacemakers (PPMs)? Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices
Persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPH)
Persistent
PE
Phenoxybenzamine A.14. What is the mechanism of action of the major antihypertensive drugs? B.14. What is the pharmacologic management of CRPS? B.2. How do you pharmacologically prepare the patient with a pheochromocytoma for surgery? D.1. What is the significance of postoperative hypotension? How is it treated?
Phentolamine A.14. What is the mechanism of action of the major antihypertensive drugs? B.15. What is the role of intravenous regional block (Bier block) in diagnosis and treatment of CRPS? C.10. During the surgery, the blood pressure increases to 220/120 mm Hg. How would you treat the hypertension? C.4. What drugs are used to control the effects of catecholamine stimulation during surgery?
Phenylephrine
Physical therapy A.2. What are the nonsurgical treatment options for back pain? B.1. What are the noninterventional treatments available? B.13. How will you treat this patient? B.2. What interventional treatments are available and how should they be used? D.1. What are the various nonpharmacologic techniques of cancer pain management? D.2. What physical modalities have been successful in cancer pain management? G.2. What is the adjunctive medical therapy for ARDS? H.3. How will you recognize when the patient is ready for tracheal extubation?
pH
See Postictal agitation (PIA) D.1. The patient is extremely agitated upon emergence. Discuss the risk factors for postictal agitation (PIA) as well as the therapeutic options. Dexmedetomidine Electroconvulsive Therapy Ketamine Midazolam Propofol Succinylcholine
See Peak inspiratory pressures, in intraoperative bronchospasm (PIPs) B.1. How would you interpret the following arterial blood gas analysis: pH, 7.20; Paco2, 55 mm Hg; Pao2, 35 mm Hg; and CO2 content, 19 mEq/L? How would you correct this? B.2. What immediate treatment should be given to improve respiratory status preoperatively?
Placental abruption A.10. What are some of the complications associated with preeclampsia? A.2. What is your differential diagnosis for this patient's antepartum hemorrhage? A.3. How would you quickly differentiate and diagnose the most urgent, concerning, and likely etiologies of this patient's antepartum bleeding? A.5. What is HELLP syndrome? A.8. What are the risk factors of this patient for the development of placental abruption? A.9. Discuss the pathologic alterations of preeclampsia. A.9. How is placental abruption managed, and what complications can be associated with placental abruption? A.9. What is the incidence of trauma during pregnancy, and what are the risks to the mother and the fetus secondary to trauma? C.10. If this patient had a massive blood loss, what blood replacement therapy would be indicated? C.15. Significant intraoperative blood loss required the transfusion of 8 units of type-specific, crossmatched packed RBCs (pRBCs). This patient had generalized oozing in the surgical site and hematuria. What is your differential diagnosis? C.17. Define amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) syndrome and discuss treatment. Placenta Previa/Placenta Accreta Spectrum
PLDD. See Percutaneous laser disc decompression (PLDD)
See Posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) A.4. How are minor, major, and complex spine surgeries classified? B.7. What surgical options are available for the treatment of disc disease or lumbar spinal stenosis?
See Posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL) A.6. What are the potential sources of pain in the spine? A.7. What is the anatomy of the intervertebral discs? What is the mechanism of pain from herniated discs?
PMI
See Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PNDs) A.3. Is there a link to a decline in memory and thinking with anesthesia and surgery? D.4. What is postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD)? How does this differ from delirium, and what is the time course to resolution?
Pneumothorax
See Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) A.3. Is there a link to a decline in memory and thinking with anesthesia and surgery? D.4. What is postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD)? How does this differ from delirium, and what is the time course to resolution? D.5. What are the mechanisms and risk factors for POCD? How would you mitigate the risk of POCD? Does the anesthetic technique influence the development of POCD? Dexmedetomidine Meperidine Metoclopramide Transurethral Resection of the Prostate and Geriatric Anesthesia
PONV
Popliteal nerve block C.10. Why does a popliteal nerve block have a high failure rate if performed too proximal to the popliteal fossa when using a landmark/nerve stimulator technique? Describe how this can be avoided when using ultrasound-guided popliteal block. Nerve Blocks of the Lower Extremity
See Craniotomy A.6. Are there any issues specific to posterior cranial fossa pathology? B.1. What are the special considerations in the preoperative evaluation of the patient scheduled for posterior fossa craniotomy? B.5. What are the principal disadvantages associated with the common posterior fossa craniotomy positions? Brain Tumor and Craniotomy C.14. Are there any measures you can take to prevent VAE? C.3. Would you monitor for venous air embolism (VAE)? What are the monitoring options? See Craniotomy